Support Vector Machines

Machine learning is the science of getting computers to act without being explicitly programmed. In the past decade, machine learning has given us self-driving cars, practical speech recognition, effective web search, and a vastly improved understanding of the human genome. Machine learning is so pervasive today that you probably use it dozens of times a day without knowing it. Many researchers also think it is the best way to make progress towards human-level AI. In this class, you will learn about the most effective machine learning techniques, and gain practice implementing them and getting them to work for yourself.

Nowadays most machine learning (ML) models predict labels from features. In classification tasks, an ML model predicts a categorical value and in regression tasks, an ML model predicts a real value. These ML models thus require a large amount of feature-label pairs. While in practice it is not hard to obtain features, it is often costly to obtain labels because this requires human labor. Can we learn a model without too many feature-label pairs?

The modelDown package turns classification or regression models into HTML static websites. With one command you can convert one or more models into a website with visual and tabular model summaries. So it's model agnostic (feel free to combine random forest with glm), easy to extend and parameterise. Here you can browse an example website automatically created for 4 classification models (random forest, gradient boosting, support vector machines, k-nearest neighbours). The R code beyond this example is here.

Researchers at the University of Washington created a tool, which could potentially be developed into an application for smart speakers and smartphones, that uses algorithms and machine learning to identify instances of agonal breathing, a sign of cardiac arrest, with an accuracy of 97% at distances of up to 6 meters away. A contactless support vector machine (SVM), an artificial intelligence system that uses algorithms and machine learning, could be used by smart speakers and similar devices to detect agonal breathing, a symptom of potential cardiac arrest. The machine performs with 97% accuracy from a distance of up to 6 meters away, according to a study in Nature Partner Journals Digital Medicine. "A lot of people have smart speakers in their homes, and these devices have amazing capabilities that we can take advantage of," said sudy co-author Shyam Gollakota, PhD, associate professor at the University of Washington's Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, in a statement.

Face recognition is a computer vision task of identifying and verifying a person based on a photograph of their face. FaceNet is a face recognition system developed in 2015 by researchers at Google that achieved then state-of-the-art results on a range of face recognition benchmark datasets. The FaceNet system can be used broadly thanks to multiple third-party open source implementations of the model and the availability of pre-trained models. The FaceNet system can be used to extract high-quality features from faces, called face embeddings, that can then be used to train a face identification system. In this tutorial, you will discover how to develop a face detection system using FaceNet and an SVM classifier to identify people from photographs. How to Develop a Face Recognition System Using FaceNet in Keras and an SVM Classifier Photo by Peter Valverde, some rights reserved. Face recognition is the general task of identifying and verifying people from photographs of their face.

In an effort to tackle in-home cardiac arrest, University of Washington researchers have devised a novel contactless system that uses smartphones or voice-based personal assistants to identify telltale breathing patterns that accompany an attack. The proof-of-concept strategy, described in an NPJ Digital Medicine paper published this morning, involved a supervised machine learning model called a support-vector machine that was trained for use in the bedroom, a controlled environment in which the majority of in-home cardiac arrests occur. "Sometimes reported as'gasping' breaths, agonal respirations may hold potential as an audible diagnostic biomarker, particularly in unwitnessed cardiac arrests that occur in a private residence, the location of [two-thirds] of all [out-of-hospital cardiac arrests]," the researchers wrote. "The widespread adoption of smartphones and smart speakers (projected to be in 75% of US households by 2020) presents a unique opportunity to identify this audible biomarker and connect unwitnessed cardiac arrest victims to emergency medical services (EMS) or others who can administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation." Cross-validation analysis of the trained classifier yielded an overall sensitivity and specificity of 97.24% and 99.51%.

How to make business more time-efficient, slash costs and drive up sales? The question is timeless but not rhetorical. In the next few minutes of your reading time, I will apply a few classification algorithms to demonstrate how the use of the data analytic approach can contribute to that end. Together we'll create a predictive model that will help us customise the client databases we hand over to the telemarketing team so that they could concentrate resources on more promising clients first. On course to that, we'll perform a number of actions on the dataset.

In topological data analysis, persistent homology is used to study the "shape of data". Persistent homology computations are completely characterized by a set of intervals called a bar code. It is often said that the long intervals represent the "topological signal" and the short intervals represent "noise". We give evidence to dispute this thesis, showing that the short intervals encode geometric information. Specifically, we prove that persistent homology detects the curvature of disks from which points have been sampled. We describe a general computational framework for solving inverse problems using the average persistence landscape, a continuous mapping from metric spaces with a probability measure to a Hilbert space. In the present application, the average persistence landscapes of points sampled from disks of constant curvature results in a path in this Hilbert space which may be learned using standard tools from statistical and machine learning.

An accurate load forecasting has always been one of the main indispensable parts in the operation and planning of power systems. Among different time horizons of forecasting, while short-term load forecasting (STLF) and long-term load forecasting (LTLF) have respectively got benefits of accurate predictors and probabilistic forecasting, medium-term load forecasting (MTLF) demands more attention due to its vital role in power system operation and planning such as optimal scheduling of generation units, robust planning program for customer service, and economic supply. In this study, a hybrid method, composed of Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Symbiotic Organism Search Optimization (SOSO) method, is proposed for MTLF. In the proposed forecasting model, SVR is the main part of the forecasting algorithm while SOSO is embedded into it to optimize the parameters of SVR. In addition, a minimum redundancy-maximum relevance feature selection algorithm is used to in the preprocessing of input data. The proposed method is tested on EUNITE competition dataset to demonstrate its proper performance. Furthermore, it is compared with some previous works to show eligibility of our method.

In the k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN), the determination of classes for test instances is usually performed via a majority vote system, which may ignore the similarities among data. In this research, the researcher proposes an approach to fine-tune the selection of neighbors to be passed to the majority vote system through the construction of a random n-dimensional hyperstructure around the test instance by introducing a new threshold parameter. The accuracy of the proposed k-NN algorithm is 85.71%, while the accuracy of the conventional k-NN algorithm is 80.95% when performed on the Haberman's Cancer Survival dataset, and 94.44% for the proposed k-NN algorithm, compared to the conventional's 88.89% accuracy score on the Seeds dataset. The proposed k-NN algorithm is also on par with the conventional support vector machine algorithm accuracy, even on the Banknote Authentication and Iris datasets, even surpassing the accuracy of support vector machine on the Seeds dataset.