Deep Learning
Post training 4-bit quantization of convolutional networks for rapid-deployment
Ron Banner, Yury Nahshan, Daniel Soudry
Convolutional neural networks require significant memory bandwidth and storage for intermediate computations, apart from substantial computing resources. Neural network quantization has significant benefits in reducing the amount of intermediate results, but it often requires the full datasets and time-consuming fine tuning to recover the accuracy lost after quantization. This paper introduces the first practical 4-bit post training quantization approach: it does not involve training the quantized model (fine-tuning), nor it requires the availability of the full dataset. We target the quantization of both activations and weights and suggest three complementary methods for minimizing quantization error at the tensor level, two of whom obtain a closed-form analytical solution. Combining these methods, our approach achieves accuracy that is just a few percents less the state-of-the-art baseline across a wide range of convolutional models.
PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library
Adam Paszke, Sam Gross, Francisco Massa, Adam Lerer, James Bradbury, Gregory Chanan, Trevor Killeen, Zeming Lin, Natalia Gimelshein, Luca Antiga, Alban Desmaison, Andreas Kopf, Edward Yang, Zachary DeVito, Martin Raison, Alykhan Tejani, Sasank Chilamkurthy, Benoit Steiner, Lu Fang, Junjie Bai, Soumith Chintala
We wish to thank our reviewers for their insightful feedback that helped us improve the clarity and overall quality of our
We have revised the paper as suggested by the reviewers. As mentioned by reviewer #1, the hardware requirements of PyTorch were not clearly explained. Reviewer #1 wondered about attribution. Since more than 1000 people have contributed to PyTorch, we can't Instead we've highlighted the people who had a profound impact on the library We've also acknowledged the impact of the community We fixed the typographical error line 87 pointed out by reviewer #1. We realized that didn't cite the "Automatic differentiation in PyTorch" work from Paszke, Gross, Chintala, Chanan, Y ang, DeVito, Lin, Desmaison, Antiga and Lerer submitted at the 2017 NIPS autodiff workshop.