Soon, your car may be able to automatically spot that mineshaft of a pothole in the road that never seems to get fixed. Now, artificial intelligence can allow cars to spot potholes on the road ahead thanks to researchers at the Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology. "Poor road-surface conditions pose a significant safety risk to vehicle operation, especially in the case of autonomous vehicles," the researchers wrote in their study, published in Electronics. A pothole could cause the driver -- or the self-driving car -- to lose control of the vehicle, resulting in injury or death. This means that road maintenance -- which is already subpar in many communities -- will become even more crucial in the future, especially if we ever want self-driving cars and trucks dominating the streets.

I recently started a new newsletter focus on AI education and already has over 50,000 subscribers. TheSequence is a no-BS( meaning no hype, no news etc) AI-focused newsletter that takes 5 minutes to read. The goal is to keep you up to date with machine learning projects, research papers and concepts. It seems that every other month we have a new milestone in the race of building massively large transformer models. GPT-2 set up new records by building a 1.5 billion parameters model just to be surpassed by Microsoft's Turing NLG with 17 billion parameters.

Today, the most powerful artificial intelligence systems employ a type of machine learning called deep learning. Their algorithms learn by processing massive amounts of data through hidden layers of interconnected nodes, referred to as deep neural networks. As their name suggests, deep neural networks were inspired by the real neural networks in the brain, with the nodes modeled after real neurons -- or, at least, after what neuroscientists knew about neurons back in the 1950s, when an influential neuron model called the perceptron was born. Since then, our understanding of the computational complexity of single neurons has dramatically expanded, so biological neurons are known to be more complex than artificial ones. To find out, David Beniaguev, Idan Segev and Michael London, all at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, trained an artificial deep neural network to mimic the computations of a simulated biological neuron.

Created by Andrei Neagoie, Daniel BourkePreview this Course - GET COUPON CODE This is a brand new Machine Learning and Data Science course just launched and updated this month with the latest trends and skills for 2021! Become a complete Data Scientist and Machine Learning engineer! Join a live online community of 400,000 engineers and a course taught by industry experts that have actually worked for large companies in places like Silicon Valley and Toronto. Graduates of Andrei's courses are now working at Google, Tesla, Amazon, Apple, IBM, JP Morgan, Facebook, other top tech companies. You will go from zero to mastery! Learn Data Science and Machine Learning from scratch, get hired, and have fun along the way with the most modern, up-to-date Data Science course on Udemy (we use the latest version of Python, Tensorflow 2.0 and other libraries).

This post discusses tensor methods, how they are used in NVIDIA, and how they are central to the next generation of AI algorithms. Tensors, which generalize matrices to more than two dimensions, are everywhere in modern machine learning. From deep neural networks features to videos or fMRI data, the structure in these higher-order tensors is often crucial. Deep neural networks typically map between higher-order tensors. In fact, it is the ability of deep convolutional neural networks to preserve and leverage local structure that made the current levels of performance possible, along with large datasets and efficient hardware. Tensor methods enable you to preserve and leverage that structure further, for individual layers or whole networks.

Model training has been and will be in the foreseeable future one of the most frustrating things machine learning developers face. It takes quite a long time and people can't really do anything about it. If you have the luxury (especially at this moment of time) of having multiple GPUs, you are likely to find Distributed Data Parallel (DDP) helpful in terms of model training. DDP performs model training across multiple GPUs, in a transparent fashion. You can have multiple GPUs on a single machine, or multiple machines separately.

We train an object detector built from convolutional neural networks to count interference fringes in elliptical antinode regions in frames of high-speed video recordings of transient oscillations in Caribbean steelpan drums illuminated by electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI). The annotations provided by our model aim to contribute to the understanding of time-dependent behavior in such drums by tracking the development of sympathetic vibration modes. The system is trained on a dataset of crowdsourced human-annotated images obtained from the Zooniverse Steelpan Vibrations Project. Due to the small number of human-annotated images and the ambiguity of the annotation task, we also evaluate the model on a large corpus of synthetic images whose properties have been matched to the real images by style transfer using a Generative Adversarial Network. Applying the model to thousands of unlabeled video frames, we measure oscillations consistent with audio recordings of these drum strikes. One unanticipated result is that sympathetic oscillations of higher-octave notes significantly precede the rise in sound intensity of the corresponding second harmonic tones; the mechanism responsible for this remains unidentified. This paper primarily concerns the development of the predictive model; further exploration of the steelpan images and deeper physical insights await its further application.

Insider attacks are one of the most challenging cybersecurity issues for companies, businesses and critical infrastructures. Despite the implemented perimeter defences, the risk of this kind of attack is still very high. In fact, the detection of insider attacks is a very complicated security task and presents a serious challenge to the research community. In this paper, we aim to address this issue by using deep learning algorithms Autoencoder and Variational Autoencoder deep. We will especially investigate the usefulness of applying these algorithms to automatically defend against potential internal threats, without human intervention. The effectiveness of these two models is evaluated on the public dataset CERT dataset (CERT r4.2). This version of the CERT Insider Threat Test dataset includes both benign and malicious activities generated from 1000 simulated users. The comparison results with other models show that the Variational Autoencoder neural network provides the best overall performance with a greater detection accuracy and a reasonable false positive rate

Recently, many datasets have been proposed to test the systematic generalization ability of neural networks. The companion baseline Transformers, typically trained with default hyper-parameters from standard tasks, are shown to fail dramatically. Here we demonstrate that by revisiting model configurations as basic as scaling of embeddings, early stopping, relative positional embedding, and Universal Transformer variants, we can drastically improve the performance of Transformers on systematic generalization. We report improvements on five popular datasets: SCAN, CFQ, PCFG, COGS, and Mathematics dataset. Our models improve accuracy from 50% to 85% on the PCFG productivity split, and from 35% to 81% on COGS. On SCAN, relative positional embedding largely mitigates the EOS decision problem (Newman et al., 2020), yielding 100% accuracy on the length split with a cutoff at 26. Importantly, performance differences between these models are typically invisible on the IID data split. This calls for proper generalization validation sets for developing neural networks that generalize systematically. We publicly release the code to reproduce our results.

FDA has been promoting enrollment practices that could enhance the diversity of clinical trial populations, through broadening eligibility criteria. However, how to broaden eligibility remains a significant challenge. We propose an AI approach to Cohort Optimization (AICO) through transformer-based natural language processing of the eligibility criteria and evaluation of the criteria using real-world data. The method can extract common eligibility criteria variables from a large set of relevant trials and measure the generalizability of trial designs to real-world patients. It overcomes the scalability limits of existing manual methods and enables rapid simulation of eligibility criteria design for a disease of interest. A case study on breast cancer trial design demonstrates the utility of the method in improving trial generalizability.