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 Generative AI


Concept-Guided LLM Agents for Human-AI Safety Codesign

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Generative AI is increasingly important in software engineering, including safety engineering, where its use ensures that software does not cause harm to people. This also leads to high quality requirements for generative AI. Therefore, the simplistic use of Large Language Models (LLMs) alone will not meet these quality demands. It is crucial to develop more advanced and sophisticated approaches that can effectively address the complexities and safety concerns of software systems. Ultimately, humans must understand and take responsibility for the suggestions provided by generative AI to ensure system safety. To this end, we present an efficient, hybrid strategy to leverage LLMs for safety analysis and Human-AI codesign. In particular, we develop a customized LLM agent that uses elements of prompt engineering, heuristic reasoning, and retrieval-augmented generation to solve tasks associated with predefined safety concepts, in interaction with a system model graph. The reasoning is guided by a cascade of micro-decisions that help preserve structured information. We further suggest a graph verbalization which acts as an intermediate representation of the system model to facilitate LLM-graph interactions. Selected pairs of prompts and responses relevant for safety analytics illustrate our method for the use case of a simplified automated driving system.


Blessing or curse? A survey on the Impact of Generative AI on Fake News

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Fake news significantly influence our society. They impact consumers, voters, and many other societal groups. While Fake News exist for a centuries, Generative AI brings fake news on a new level. It is now possible to automate the creation of masses of high-quality individually targeted Fake News. On the other end, Generative AI can also help detecting Fake News. Both fields are young but developing fast. This survey provides a comprehensive examination of the research and practical use of Generative AI for Fake News detection and creation in 2024. Following the Structured Literature Survey approach, the paper synthesizes current results in the following topic clusters 1) enabling technologies, 2) creation of Fake News, 3) case study social media as most relevant distribution channel, 4) detection of Fake News, and 5) deepfakes as upcoming technology. The article also identifies current challenges and open issues.


Billie Eilish, Nicki Minaj, Stevie Wonder and more musicians demand protection against AI

The Guardian

A group of more than 200 high-profile musicians have signed an open letter calling for protections against the predatory use of artificial intelligence that mimics human artists' likenesses, voices and sound. The signatories span musical genres and eras, ranging from A-list stars such as Billie Eilish, J Balvin and Nicki Minaj to Rock and Roll Hall of Famers like Stevie Wonder and REM. The estates of Frank Sinatra and Bob Marley are also signatories. The letter, which was issued by the Artist Rights Alliance advocacy group, makes the broad demand that technology companies pledge not to develop AI tools that undermine or replace human songwriters and artists. "This assault on human creativity must be stopped. We must protect against the predatory use of AI to steal professional artists' voices and likenesses, violate creators' rights, and destroy the music ecosystem," the letter states.


Showing AI just 1000 extra images reduced AI-generated stereotypes

New Scientist

AI image generators can be made more culturally sensitive and accurate by feeding them just a small number of photographs provided by people living in countries around the world. The images used to train these artificial intelligence systems "are mostly about the Western world", says Jean Oh at Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania. As a result of this kind of limited training, generative AI image creators, such as Stable Diffusion, often misrepresent or stereotype non-Western cultures. How this moment for AI will change society forever (and how it won't)


Rise of the AI graduates: DailyMail.com speaks to one of the first students to study artificial intelligence as universities begin offering 30,000 courses - but is it a cash grab or valuable degree?

Daily Mail - Science & tech

Colleges across the US have added AI courses to their curriculum as companies scramble to find skilled employees and students look for higher paying fields. While much of the world sees the tech as the way of the future, some people have cautioned students to not gamble tens of thousands of dollars on technology that seems to evolve each day. Tiffany Hsieh, who works in the development of AI told, DailyMail.com: 'While there is plenty of data telling us about the number of skills that will be affected by Generative AI, much of that data doesn't tell us about the nature of the impact on those skills. But a graduate student majoring in the tech at New York's Yeshiva University said he believes AI is here to stay and the degree would be necessary for him to become a machine language engineer, which pays at least 160,000 a year.


Here's How Generative AI Depicts Queer People

WIRED

Yes, San Francisco is a nexus of artificial intelligence innovation, but it's also one of the queerest cities in America. The Mission District, where ChatGPT maker OpenAI is headquartered, butts up against the Castro, where sidewalk crossings are coated with rainbows, and older nude men are often seen milling about. And queer people are joining the AI revolution. "So many people in this field are gay men, which is something I think few people talk about," says Spencer Kaplan, an anthropologist and PhD student at Yale who moved to San Francisco to study the developers building generative tools. Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI, is gay; he married his husband last year in a private, beachfront ceremony.


UK and US sign landmark deal to test AI safety

BBC News

The event, attended by AI bosses including OpenAI's Sam Altman, Google DeepMind's Demis Hassabis and tech billionaire Elon Musk, saw both the UK and US create AI Safety Institutes which aim to evaluate open and closed-source AI systems.


The US and UK are teaming up to test the safety of AI models

Engadget

OpenAI, Google, Anthropic and other companies developing generative AI are continuing to improve their technologies and releasing better and better large language models. In order to create a common approach for independent evaluation on the safety of those models as they come out, the UK and the US governments have signed a Memorandum of Understanding. Together, the UK's AI Safety Institute and its counterpart in the US, which was announced by Vice President Kamala Harris but has yet to begin operations, will develop suites of tests to assess the risks and ensure the safety of "the most advanced AI models." They're planning to share technical knowledge, information and even personnel as part of the partnership, and one of their initial goals seems to be performing a joint testing exercise on a publicly accessible model. UK's science minister Michelle Donelan, who signed the agreement, told The Financial Times that they've "really got to act quickly" because they're expecting a new generation of AI models to come out over the next year.


Generative AI for Immersive Communication: The Next Frontier in Internet-of-Senses Through 6G

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Over the past two decades, the Internet-of-Things (IoT) has been a transformative concept, and as we approach 2030, a new paradigm known as the Internet of Senses (IoS) is emerging. Unlike conventional Virtual Reality (VR), IoS seeks to provide multi-sensory experiences, acknowledging that in our physical reality, our perception extends far beyond just sight and sound; it encompasses a range of senses. This article explores existing technologies driving immersive multi-sensory media, delving into their capabilities and potential applications. This exploration includes a comparative analysis between conventional immersive media streaming and a proposed use case that leverages semantic communication empowered by generative Artificial Intelligence (AI). The focal point of this analysis is the substantial reduction in bandwidth consumption by 99.93% in the proposed scheme. Through this comparison, we aim to underscore the practical applications of generative AI for immersive media while addressing the challenges and outlining future trajectories.


AI Act and Large Language Models (LLMs): When critical issues and privacy impact require human and ethical oversight

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

On March 13, 2024, the European Parliament approved the final version of the European Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act), and its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union is awaited. The AI Act is a long text comprising 180 recitals, XIII chapters with 113 articles, and XIII annexes. It is an essential legal framework for AI and the first comprehensive legislation on AI.