Tthere's a input x, like sentence from review, a classified MODEL that generates the output, y. The predicted class, like positive or negative reviews. Personalized medical diagnosis: input of indicators like temperature, x-ray analysis, medical tests, for a disease classifier model, that predicts healthy, cold, flu, pneumonia etc. And the last, the application for reading minds, with brain images that, applied to a model classifier it is possible to discover which image is seeing by the person.

Employers: do the ladies on your payroll have any "female weaknesses" that would make them mentally or physically unfit for the job? The question comes to you courtesy of the year 1943. It was posed in a guide to hiring women, written for the flummoxed male supervisors at Transportation Magazine tasked with integrating a new female workforce during a wartime shortage of manpower. Back then, you wouldn't be surprised to see logical reasoning like "Men are to programmers as women are to homemakers". Or "Men are to surgeons what women are to nurses".

One contribution to this pragmatic efficiency is supplied by the guidance a representation provides for organizing information so as to facilitate making the recommended inferences.

A few weeks ago, Montreal-based AI pioneer Yoshua Bengio launched Element AI, a Silicon Valley-style startup incubator dedicated to deep learning. Despite its modest (but growing) startup scene, Montreal is already a hotbed in AI talent, with a trove of deep learning researchers across the city. Bengio -- along with Jean-François Gagné, Nicolas Chapados, Jean-Sébastien Cournoyer, and the rest of their team of tech mavericks -- is hoping to accelerate the proliferation of AI startups and researchers in Montreal to turn the city into an AI center. As a proud Montrealer and bot maker, I couldn't be happier with this news. Surprisingly, though, the launch received some mixed feedback locally.

Nvidia cofounder Chris Malachowsky is eating a sausage omelet and sipping burnt coffee in a Denny's off the Berryessa overpass in San Jose. It was in this same dingy diner in April 1993 that three young electrical engineers--Malachowsky, Curtis Priem and Nvidia's current CEO, Jen-Hsun Huang--started a company devoted to making specialized chips that would generate faster and more realistic graphics for video games. East San Jose was a rough part of town back then--the front of the restaurant was pocked with bullet holes from people shooting at parked cop cars--and no one could have guessed that the three men drinking endless cups of coffee were laying the foundation for a company that would define computing in the early 21st century in the same way that Intel did in the 1990s. "There was no market in 1993, but we saw a wave coming," Malachowsky says. "There's a California surfing competition that happens in a five-month window every year. When they see some type of wave phenomenon or storm in Japan, they tell all the surfers to show up in California, because there's going to be a wave in two days. We were at the beginning."

Microsoft is taking another shot at giving users a friendly AI-driven bot conversation partner. On Monday, the company released Zo, a chatbot that users can converse with on Kik, the popular messaging platform. Zo is a follow-up to Tay, the tech giant's first foray into friendly, English-speaking chatbots. It's clear that the company has learned from its first attempt, when the friendly chatbot was turned into a font of white supremacist propaganda by malicious users. In contrast, Zo adamantly refuses to discuss political matters.

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Improving artificial intelligence (AI) technology and the proliferation of messaging apps -- which enable users and businesses to interact through a variety of mediums, including text, voice, image, video, and file sharing -- are fueling the popularity of chatbots. These software programs use messaging as an interface through which to carry out various tasks, like checking the weather or scheduling a meeting. Bots are still nascent and monetization models have yet to be established for the tech, but there are a number of existing strategies -- like "as-a-service" or affiliate marketing -- that will likely prove successful for bots used as a tool within messaging apps. Chatbots can also provide brands with value adds -- services that don't directly generate revenue, but help increase the ability of brands and businesses to better target and serve customers, and increase productivity. These include bots used for research, lead generation, and customer service.

Amazon on Monday revealed that it will open a brick-and-mortar grocery store called Amazon Go, an ambitious bid by the once online-only retailer to gobble up more of Americans' shopping dollars by taking the fight more directly to traditional supermarkets and big-box stores. The store will be powered by a web of technology that allows customers to fill their shopping bags and walk out without going through a checkout process, a concept that has long been discussed in the retail industry but that has not been implemented at any major U.S. stores. The idea is that it will shave time off the shopping experience. Here's how Amazon Go will work: Customers download an app and then swipe their smartphones as they walk through the store's entrance. Then they just start picking up groceries.

San Francisco (AFP) - Uber announced Monday it was buying the artificial intelligence group Geometric Intelligence, to form the core of the ride-sharing giant's own research center. The move signals a stepped-up effort in artificial intelligence, helping research efforts to bring self-driving car technology into the mainstream. The acquisition, terms of which were not announced, will allow the 15 employees of the New York startup to form the base of Uber's artificial intelligence efforts. "Uber is in the business of using technology to move people and things in the real world. With all of its complexity and uncertainty, negotiating the real world is a high-order intelligence problem," Uber's Jeff Holden said in a blog post.