As New Scientist points out, "the majority of U.S. police departments using face recognition do little to ensure that the software is accurate." Police departments have neither the expertise nor the inclination to critically evaluate software that claims to make their jobs easier. "This is magic that will make your job easier" is a tempting sales pitch for people who are already doing a hard job. It's way too easy for an uninformed official to fantasize about AI systems that will detect terrorists. It takes someone who isn't ignorant about AI to point out the problems with such a proposal, not the least of which is that the number of terrorists is so small that it would be impossible to build a good data set for training.

The world's largest hedge fund is building a piece of software to automate the day-to-day management of the firm, including hiring, firing and other strategic decision-making. Bridgewater Associates has a team of software engineers working on the project at the request of billionaire founder Ray Dalio, who wants to ensure the company can run according to his vision even when he's not there, the Wall Street Journal reported. "The role of many remaining humans at the firm wouldn't be to make individual choices but to design the criteria by which the system makes decisions, intervening when something isn't working," wrote the Journal, which spoke to five former and current employees. The firm, which manages $160bn, created the team of programmers specializing in analytics and artificial intelligence, dubbed the Systematized Intelligence Lab, in early 2015. The unit is headed up by David Ferrucci, who previously led IBM's development of Watson, the supercomputer that beat humans at Jeopardy! in 2011.

This was a year full of innovation in the PC space. What makes the year particularly interesting, however, is that many of its advancements are in early stages. Call it the year of the beta: many advancements were either first introduced in 2016, or barely made their way from the concept stage to the market. Artificial intelligence has taken on significant real-world importance in everyday computing, after spending decades as a darling of science fiction, and relegated to researchers running experiments on massively parallel systems. And indeed, "strong AI" –a machine that's as intelligent as a human – remains a goal that's likely far in the future.

This year delivered a whole host of body blows to the UK's thriving startup sector. There has been an investor slowdown, few notable IPOs, increased market volatility and shining lights sold abroad. Then there was the biggest punch of them all, the Brexit vote to leave the European Union and all of the issues this brings up for a sector reliant on foreign talent. So what can the UK tech startup scene expect in 2017? It will no doubt be a year of further turmoil, and startups will need to be prepared for the worst, but there are also green shoots of hope for smart founders and investors who are focusing on the right areas.

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The debate is not about to be settled, but what we do know is that the age of AI is upon us. For evidence, we again turn to Elon Musk - the man intent on being AI's conscience - who has now embraced it through Tesla's commitment to self-driving cars. Indeed, in this two part blog post, we see examples of AI making their way into industries as diverse as medical services, financial engineering and travel. The changes underway represent tectonic shifts that will play a key role in determining who wins and who loses in the coming decades and how AI impacts our everyday life. How will AI transform the way my competitors run their businesses?

The research, published Thursday in the journal, Scientific Reports, explains how they did it. First, the team spent 75 days recording two groups of 11 bats held in separate cages. The team then went through the video footage to suss out which individuals were squeaking at each other, what they were squeaking about -- food, sleep, perch or sex (or lack thereof) -- and the ultimate outcome of the argument. Finally, they trained the machine learning algorithm with 15,000 calls from seven adult females using those variables. In the end, the algorithm managed to correctly identify the bat making the call (compared to the video footage) 71 percent of the time, the subject of that argument 61 percent of the time and the eventual outcome 41 percent of the time.

We all love video games, products of the ever-rising entertainment industry that allow us to enjoy our free time without having to leave our homes. Computer games demand intensive computing power, and that's why GPUs exist. But this time AMD, one of the two dominant companies in the sector, has decided to unveil a GPU and software solution to accelerate the cutting-edge AI, machine learning sector. The Sunnyvale-based company will offer a product range comprised of professional-grade GPUs to enter a market that promises to innovate in fields such as transport, logistics, and even art. AMD will release three new solutions during 2017.

Artificial intelligence plays a big role in learning because schools became more technologically advanced and require new teaching methods to engage young people. AI may ask questions from the reading and add supplementary questions about the main idea to make you answer correctly. The system was developed to strengthen and personalize the education to each learner and provide additional information when they confused. The programs may teach learners basic things to move on and answer their questions instantly, provide regular feedback. The AI will describe how to fix the mistakes, explain the concept.

That joke is at least as old as Deep Blue's 1997 victory over then world chess champion Garry Kasparov, but even with the great strides made in the field of artificial intelligence over that time, we're still not much closer to having to worry about computers' feelings. Computers can analyze the sentiments we express in social media, and project expressions on the face of robots to make us believe they are happy or angry, but no one seriously believes, yet, that they "have" feelings, that they can experience them. Other areas of AI, on the other hand, have seen some impressive advances in both hardware and software in just the last 12 months. Deep Blue was a world-class chess opponent -- and also one that didn't gloat when it won, or go off in a huff if it lost. Until this year, though, computers were no match for a human at another board game, Go.