Neuronal architectures comprise synaptically connected neurons distributed throughout the central nervous system, the coordinated activities of which orchestrate neurological functions ranging from breathing to movement and cognition. Disentangling these neuronal architectures and how they are disrupted in disease is a fundamental goal of neuroscience. Historically, this challenge has been addressed with a reductionist framework that translated hypotheses into the interrogation of discrete neuronal subpopulations based on a priori expectations. The advent of high-throughput methodologies, including whole–central nervous system imaging in rodent models and single-cell transcriptomic readouts, now enable the visualization and characterization of neuronal subpopulations throughout the central nervous system. Increases in scale further enable comparative experimental designs that can be navigated with computational frameworks. These advances augur a new era wherein neuronal architectures implicated in diverse neurological functions, yet obscured by the complexity of the central nervous system, can be exposed without bias and interrogated with genetically guided experimental manipulations.

What makes us who we are? Is it our DNA, passed down through generations, or the environment that shapes our lives? This question--how nature and nurture combine to influence health and behavior--has long captured my curiosity. As I grew up in a multigenerational household, I was struck by the story of my two uncles, identical twins who were genetically indistinguishable but who lived out very different health journeys. One developed severe cardiovascular disease by his early forties; the other stayed healthy into his sixties. What separated them was not biology--it was environment.

For a long time, many climate scientists and advocates held onto an optimistic belief that once the impacts of climate change became undeniable, people and governments would act. But whereas the predictions of climate models have increasingly borne out, the assumptions about human behavior have not. Even as disasters mount, climate change remains low on voters' priority lists, and policy responses remain tepid. To me, this gap reflects a deeper failure--not just in policy or communication, but in how we understand human adaptability. When I began my career as a computational cognitive scientist, I was drawn to a defining strength of human cognition--a marked ability to adapt.

Although the functional roles of phospho-Ser2 and phospho-Ser5 and the kinases that place those marks have been extensively studied, the functions of the three so-called "orphan" residues (Tyr1, Thr4, and Ser7) and the identity of kinases that modify those sites remain poorly defined. Unbiased mass spectrometric mapping of the CTD revealed that the orphan sites are phosphorylated, and non-CDK kinases, such as HRR25, PLK3, and ABL1, modify those residues. Notably, unlike Ser2 or Ser5, whose phosphorylation has broad effects, mutations of the orphan residues or inhibition of kinases that act on them selectively disrupt the expression of limited sets of genes. The pathways mapped to those genes suggest that of the 250 phospho-acceptor residues that are densely packed within 360 residues of the human CTD, nearly 150 orphan sites may be used by other kinases to selectively regulate distinct sets of functionally coherent genes. To bridge the knowledge gap and identify previously unknown CTD-active kinases, we used three orthogonal kinome testing platforms in conjunction with machine learning algorithms to predict kinase-substrate pairings.

Baldness does not only come from your mother's side--and other myths debunked. There are plenty of myths about hair loss. While not always true, some reveal surprising truths. Breakthroughs, discoveries, and DIY tips sent every weekday. Bald men are more fertile.

Things to Do in L.A. Tap to enable a layout that focuses on the article. Rep. Nancy Pelosi of San Francisco, the former House speaker, said Thursday she will not seek another term. This is read by an automated voice. Please report any issues or inconsistencies here . The former House Speaker, in office since 1987, was facing multiple challengers in next year's Democratic primary.

How conspiracy theories infiltrated the doctor's office As anyone who has googled their symptoms and convinced themselves that they've got a brain tumor will attest, the internet makes it very easy to self-(mis)diagnose your health problems. And although social media and other digital forums can be a lifeline for some people looking for a diagnosis or community, when that information is wrong, it can put their well-being and even lives in danger. We spoke to a number of health-care professionals who told us how this modern impulse to "do your own research" is changing their profession. This story is part of's series " Look at the big picture instead. As a climate technology reporter, I'm often asked by people whether they should be using AI, given how awful it is for the environment. Generally, I tell them not to worry--let a chatbot plan your vacation, suggest recipe ideas, or write you a poem if you want.

The Federal Trade Commission reports over $2.9 billion in losses from impostor bank scams using caller ID spoofing and AI voice technology to deceive victims.

Ikea's Smart Home Reset Goes Back to Basics Ikea's new 21-product series of bulbs, sensors, and remotes is dirt cheap, idiot-proof, Matter-ready, and designed to work with everything. But it's still years from the promised house of the future. That's what you might be thinking if you've been following smart-home tech for the past decade or, indeed, building out your own fortress of missed connections. The first Nest thermostat launched in 2011, Philips Hue in 2012, the Amazon Echo in 2014. But for anyone who has spent long nights scrolling through IoT troubleshooting forums since then, here's the latest: It's finally time for a do-over.

Six new cookbooks bring stellar dishes--and cultures--from around the world into your kitchen. All products featured on WIRED are independently selected by our editors. However, we may receive compensation from retailers and/or from purchases of products through these links. Think about how difficult cooking from a cookbook from another culture was as little as 10 years ago. Once in a while, you could get your hands on a standout, but the food you could make with it could feel like a compromise with too many substitutions and ingredients you just couldn't find without great effort, or at all.