The task of ultra-fine entity typing (UFET) seeks to predict diverse and free-form words or phrases that describe the appropriate types of entities mentioned in sentences. A key challenge for this task lies in the large amount of types and the scarcity of annotated data per type. Existing systems formulate the task as a multi-way classification problem and train directly or distantly supervised classifiers. This causes two issues: (i) the classifiers do not capture the type semantics since types are often converted into indices; (ii) systems developed in this way are limited to predicting within a pre-defined type set, and often fall short of generalizing to types that are rarely seen or unseen in training. This work presents LITE, a new approach that formulates entity typing as a natural language inference (NLI) problem, making use of (i) the indirect supervision from NLI to infer type information meaningfully represented as textual hypotheses and alleviate the data scarcity issue, as well as (ii) a learning-to-rank objective to avoid the pre-defining of a type set. Experiments show that, with limited training data, LITE obtains state-of-the-art performance on the UFET task. In addition, LITE demonstrates its strong generalizability, by not only yielding best results on other fine-grained entity typing benchmarks, more importantly, a pre-trained LITE system works well on new data containing unseen types.

A first-of-its-kind study using haptic/touch sensation feedback, electromyogram (EMG) control and an innovative wearable soft robotic armband could just be a game changer for users of prosthetic hands who have long awaited advances in dexterity. Findings from the study could catalyze a paradigm shift in the way current and future artificial hands are controlled by limb-absent people. Researchers from Florida Atlantic University's College of Engineering and Computer Science in collaboration with FAU's Charles E. Schmidt College of Science investigated whether people could precisely control the grip forces applied to two different objects grasped simultaneously with a dexterous artificial hand. For the study, they also explored the role that visual feedback played in this complex multitasking model by systematically blocking visual and haptic feedback in the experimental design. In addition, they studied the potential for time saving in a simultaneous object transportation experiment compared to a one-at-a-time approach.

The letter follows years of controversy over the government's expanding use of facial recognition software, despite warnings from the General Services Administration that the face-scanning technology has too many problems to justify its use. In 2019, House lawmakers held a series of hearings on the impact of the technology, and the ways that it can discriminate against women and people of color.

Global warming (aka "climate change") is based upon a single hypothesis -- that increased levels of CO2 in the atmosphere cause higher surface temperatures. According to global warming adherents, burning fuel to warm your house, cook your food and charge your electric vehicle increases the earth's temperature and damages the environment -- because of the CO2 you generate. Let's use Data Science and Machine Learning to prove or disprove the hypothesis that increased levels of CO2 cause increased surface temperature. CO2 data is sourced from the US Government's Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division, Mauna Loa observations. Climate and sun data is taken from NASA/POWER CERES/MERRA2 Native Resolution Annual data for the Mauna Loa location.

ANJA KASPERSEN: Today I am joined by Joel Rosenthal and Stelios Vassilakis for an irreverently engaging conversation about the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on democracy, what we can learn from the Athenian agora in preserving what it means to be human in the biodigital realm, and how ethics empower civil engagement. Stelios Vassilakis is co-directing programs and strategic initiatives at the Stavros Niarchos Foundation, which is one of the leading international philanthropic organizations. Stelios is also a classics and modern Greek studies scholar, specializing in the works of Homer. Joel Rosenthal is president of Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs and a distinguished public intellectual of international relations and foreign policy. Before handing the floor over to Joel to guide us through this conversation, I am very curious about these concepts that are guiding the work of both of your institutions. For the Stavros Niarchos Foundation it is empowering humanity, and for Carnegie Council it is about empowering ethics, and obviously there is a strong link between the two. I think in today's world we live in a very distrustful world, a crowded and overheated public space--if we can even identify that space, which we have talked about is a difficult space to even find--and so what we are trying to do at the beginning to empower ethics is first of all just to identify the issues, and to identify these issues, put a name on them, label them, and show them to be issues of competing values and competing interests that would benefit from reflection, dialogue, and discussion, even that question of identification and clarification of these issues and to bring them to the fore in a way that will not necessarily lead to polarization but can lead to constructive dialogue. The second step is to provide thought leadership around these questions--there are people who have dedicated their lives to thinking about some of these issues and to studying these issues; they have great competence and some authority in speaking about these issues--and to identify those people and bring that thought leadership to bear on these questions. Critically, though, it is not just about thinking. It is also about experience. There are people who are actually working on these issues, they are working these problems. It is part of their personal and professional life, and I think that the experience that they have themselves is almost as valuable if not more valuable than those who spend their lives thinking about these issues and creating scholarship around them. So when we talk about thought leadership we're talking about both scholarship and lived experience, Carnegie Council being a place where we can bring that expertise, if you will, to bear on these questions. The third part that is also critical today is to create a community of engagement around these issues.

Monkeys being tested on by Elon Musk-owned brain chip firm Neuralink were allegedly subject to'torture', an animal rights group claims. The biotech firm is developing a brain-computer interface, that it claims could one day make humans hyper-intelligent, and allow paralysed people to walk again. However, the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) alleges that between 2017 and 2020, test monkeys owned by Neuralink were subject to experiments that amounted to torture, with evidence of rashes, self-mutilation and brain hemorrhages in documentation seen by the group. The experiments were a partnership between University of California Davis, and Neuralink, with a reported 23 monkeys involved in the experiment, 15 of which died or were euthanized as a result of complications, or'inadequate animal care'. PCRM lodged a complaint with the US Department of Agriculture on Thursday against UC Davis, claiming the primates faced'extreme suffering as a result of inadequate animal care and the highly invasive experimental head implants during the experiments.'

Overview of LOOP: Model-free Reinforcement Learning learns a policy by training a value function. In this setting, the performance of the policy is dependent on the accuracy of the learned value function. We propose LOOP, an efficient framework to learn with a policy that finds the best action sequence using imaginary rollouts with a learned model. This allows LOOP to potentially reduce dependence on value function errors. LOOP achieves strong performance across a range of tasks and problem settings.

Students, academics and electronics hobbyists are using homemade drones and motion-sensing cameras to patrol the Ukrainian border for signs of Russian military build-up and aggression. They say they have also struck at Russian targets with adapted Soviet missiles. The intelligence this group gathers is fed into a custom software package that it helped develop for the country's military. Aerorozvidka is an non-governmental organisation staffed by dozens of software and hardware engineers.

The revelations raise new questions about the McLean, Va.-based contractor, which saw its business explode during the pandemic: 10 federal agencies, 30 states and more than 500 companies now pay ID.me to confirm the identities of Americans seeking services such as unemployment insurance or online tax records. The company last year was valued at $1.5 billion, and its government contracts have totaled in the hundreds of millions of dollars.

Rockets are flying into space and landing on drone ships, cars are driving autonomously, and HD video calls can connect people on opposite sides of the globe. But a company doing their business taxes is still extremely manual, tedious, and just...painful. We want to use modern technology to bring business taxes into the 21st century. Our first product simplifies the complex and difficult process of helping companies apply for the IRS R&D Tax Credit, which puts hundreds of thousands of dollars into each company's pocket. But this is only the start.