Education
Assessment Formats and Student Learning Performance: What is the Relation?
Islam, Khondkar, Ahmadi, Pouyan, Yousaf, Salman
Although compelling assessments have been examined in recent years, more studies are required to yield a better understanding of the several methods where assessment techniques significantly affect student learning process. Most of the educational research in this area does not consider demographics data, differing methodologies, and notable sample size. To address these drawbacks, the objective of our study is to analyse student learning outcomes of multiple assessment formats for a web-facilitated in-class section with an asynchronous online class of a core data communications course in the Undergraduate IT program of the Information Sciences and Technology (IST) Department at George Mason University (GMU). In this study, students were evaluated based on course assessments such as home and lab assignments, skill-based assessments, and traditional midterm and final exams across all four sections of the course. All sections have equivalent content, assessments, and teaching methodologies. Student demographics such as exam type and location preferences are considered in our study to determine whether they have any impact on their learning approach. Large amount of data from the learning management system (LMS), Blackboard (BB) Learn, had to be examined to compare the results of several assessment outcomes for all students within their respective section and amongst students of other sections. To investigate the effect of dissimilar assessment formats on student performance, we had to correlate individual question formats with the overall course grade. The results show that collective assessment formats allow students to be effective in demonstrating their knowledge.
Astronauts get ice cream, make own pizzas after delivery rocket docks
CAPE CANAVERAL, FLORIDA โ Astronauts got a mouth-watering haul with Tuesday's Earth-to-space delivery -- pizza and ice cream. A commercial supply ship arrived at the International Space Station two days after launching from Virginia. Besides NASA equipment and experiments, the Orbital ATK capsule holds chocolate and vanilla ice cream for the six station astronauts, as well as make-your-own flatbread pizzas. Astronauts always crave pizza in orbit, but it's been particularly tough for Italy's Paolo Nespoli. He's been up there since July and has another month to go. Nespoli used the space station's robot arm to grab the cargo ship, as they zoomed 260 miles above the Indian Ocean.
Space Delivery: Astronauts get ice cream, make-own pizzas
Astronauts are getting a mouth-watering haul with the latest Earth-to-space delivery - pizza and ice cream. A commercial supply ship arrived at the International Space Station on Tuesday, two days after launching from Virginia. Besides equipment and experiments, the Orbital ATK capsule holds chocolate and vanilla ice cream for the six station astronauts, as well as make-your-own flatbread pizzas. Italy's Paolo Nespoli used the space station's robot arm to grab the cargo ship, as they zoomed 260 miles above the Indian Ocean Astronauts always crave pizza in orbit, but it's been particularly tough for Italy's Paolo Nespoli. He's been up there since July and has another month to go.
Machine Learning: Data Analysis 2017 Udemy
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Optimizing Kernel Machines using Deep Learning
Song, Huan, Thiagarajan, Jayaraman J., Sattigeri, Prasanna, Spanias, Andreas
Building highly non-linear and non-parametric models is central to several state-of-the-art machine learning systems. Kernel methods form an important class of techniques that induce a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) for inferring non-linear models through the construction of similarity functions from data. These methods are particularly preferred in cases where the training data sizes are limited and when prior knowledge of the data similarities is available. Despite their usefulness, they are limited by the computational complexity and their inability to support end-to-end learning with a task-specific objective. On the other hand, deep neural networks have become the de facto solution for end-to-end inference in several learning paradigms. In this article, we explore the idea of using deep architectures to perform kernel machine optimization, for both computational efficiency and end-to-end inferencing. To this end, we develop the DKMO (Deep Kernel Machine Optimization) framework, that creates an ensemble of dense embeddings using Nystrom kernel approximations and utilizes deep learning to generate task-specific representations through the fusion of the embeddings. Intuitively, the filters of the network are trained to fuse information from an ensemble of linear subspaces in the RKHS. Furthermore, we introduce the kernel dropout regularization to enable improved training convergence. Finally, we extend this framework to the multiple kernel case, by coupling a global fusion layer with pre-trained deep kernel machines for each of the constituent kernels. Using case studies with limited training data, and lack of explicit feature sources, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework over conventional model inferencing techniques.
On Optimal Generalizability in Parametric Learning
Beirami, Ahmad, Razaviyayn, Meisam, Shahrampour, Shahin, Tarokh, Vahid
We consider the parametric learning problem, where the objective of the learner is determined by a parametric loss function. Employing empirical risk minimization with possibly regularization, the inferred parameter vector will be biased toward the training samples. Such bias is measured by the cross validation procedure in practice where the data set is partitioned into a training set used for training and a validation set, which is not used in training and is left to measure the out-of-sample performance. A classical cross validation strategy is the leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) where one sample is left out for validation and training is done on the rest of the samples that are presented to the learner, and this process is repeated on all of the samples. LOOCV is rarely used in practice due to the high computational complexity. In this paper, we first develop a computationally efficient approximate LOOCV (ALOOCV) and provide theoretical guarantees for its performance. Then we use ALOOCV to provide an optimization algorithm for finding the regularizer in the empirical risk minimization framework. In our numerical experiments, we illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of ALOOCV as well as our proposed framework for the optimization of the regularizer.
[D] Research topic for a high school student โข r/MachineLearning
I'm practicing explaining ML concepts, so, experts, please correct me if any of my points are incorrect or misleading. For example, I was reading an example of regression analysis where the factors such as cylinders, displacement, horsepower affect the mpg of a car. The topic would touch on how many of these factors, or neurons is too much. It seems like you may be conflating features, data about what you're observing that you give as inputs to your model, such as "cylinders, displacement, horsepower", and neurons, which are fine-tuned by training to make up the function you're trying to learn. Maybe I can help you by giving a few reasons people don't just keep increasing the number of neurons.
Talks begin to rewrite rules protecting students from fraud
Education Department officials opened formal negotiations on Monday to rewrite federal rules meant to protect students from fraud by colleges and universities. The talks with university representative and student advocates are taking place as the department faces criticism for delaying consideration of tens of thousands of loan forgiveness claims from students who say they were defrauded by for-profit colleges. The 1994 rule, known as borrower defense, allowed loan forgiveness if it was determined that the college had deceived them. But the rule was rarely used until the demise of Corinthian and ITT Tech for-profit chains several years ago, when thousands of students flooded the department with requests to cancel their loans. In 2016, the Obama administration passed revisions to the rule, which clarified the process and added protections for students.
Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning and Deep learning - These Are The Differences, Similarity And Their Integrity
Regular articles on Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning and Deep Learning appear in the media. Some commentators use these terms synonymously. However, although AI, machine learning, and deep learning are often closely intertwined, they are based on completely different technologies and have their unique attributes. Artificial Intelligence โ sounds quite futuristic or even science fiction, this is because this topic has been appearing in the media for over 60 years. Until recently, however, we lacked the necessary prerequisites to apply the resources required for complex AI algorithms completely.
Berkeley startup to train robots like puppets
Robots today must be programmed by writing computer code, but imagine donning a VR headset and virtually guiding a robot through a task, like you would move the arms of a puppet, and then letting the robot take it from there. That's the vision of Pieter Abbeel, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of California, Berkeley, and his students, Peter Chen, Rocky Duan and Tianhao Zhang, who have launched a startup, Embodied Intelligence Inc., to use the latest techniques of deep reinforcement learning and artificial intelligence to make industrial robots easily teachable. "Right now, if you want to set up a robot, you program that robot to do what you want it to do, which takes a lot of time and a lot of expertise," said Abbeel, who is currently on leave to turn his vision into reality. "With our advances in machine learning, we can write a piece of software once -- machine learning code that enables the robot to learn -- and then when the robot needs to be equipped with a new skill, we simply provide new data." The "data" is training, much like you'd train a human worker, though with the added dimension of virtual reality.