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Algorithms and Statistical Models for Scientific Discovery in the Petabyte Era

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

The field of astronomy has arrived at a turning point in terms of size and complexity of both datasets and scientific collaboration. Commensurately, algorithms and statistical models have begun to adapt --- e.g., via the onset of artificial intelligence --- which itself presents new challenges and opportunities for growth. This white paper aims to offer guidance and ideas for how we can evolve our technical and collaborative frameworks to promote efficient algorithmic development and take advantage of opportunities for scientific discovery in the petabyte era. We discuss challenges for discovery in large and complex data sets; challenges and requirements for the next stage of development of statistical methodologies and algorithmic tool sets; how we might change our paradigms of collaboration and education; and the ethical implications of scientists' contributions to widely applicable algorithms and computational modeling. We start with six distinct recommendations that are supported by the commentary following them. This white paper is related to a larger corpus of effort that has taken place within and around the Petabytes to Science Workshops (https://petabytestoscience.github.io/).


DeepRacer: Educational Autonomous Racing Platform for Experimentation with Sim2Real Reinforcement Learning

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

-- DeepRacer is a platform for end-to-end experimentation with RL and can be used to systematically investigate the key challenges in developing intelligent control systems. Using the platform, we demonstrate how a 1/18th scale car can learn to drive autonomously using RL with a monocular camera. It is trained in simulation with no additional tuning in physical world and demonstrates: 1) formulation and solution of a robust reinforcement learning algorithm, 2) narrowing the reality gap through joint perception and dynamics, 3) distributed on-demand compute architecture for training optimal policies, and 4) a robust evaluation method to identify when to stop training. It is the first successful large-scale deployment of deep reinforcement learning on a robotic control agent that uses only raw camera images as observations and a model-free learning method to perform robust path planning. Due to high sample complexity and safety requirements, it is common to train the RL agent in simulation [1], [5], [17]. To reduce training time and encourage exploration, the agent is usually trained with distributed rollouts [18], [19], [20], [21]. For a successful transfer to the real world, researchers use calibration [2], [22], domain randomization [23], [24], [25], [12], fine tuning with real world data [9], and learn features from a combination of simulation and real data [26], [27]. To experiment with robotic reinforcement learning, one needs to have expertise in many areas, access to a physical robot, an accurate robot model for simulations, a distributed training mechanism and customizability of the training procedure such as modifying the neural network and the loss function or introducing noise. For the uninitiated, dealing with this complexity is daunting and dissuades adoption. As a result, much of prior work is limited to a single robot [1], [23], [28] or a few robots [16]. We reduce the learning curve and alleviate development effort with DeepRacer.


Learning to Fix Build Errors with Graph2Diff Neural Networks

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Professional software developers spend a significant amount of time fixing builds, but this has received little attention as a problem in automatic program repair. We present a new deep learning architecture, called Graph2Diff, for automatically localizing and fixing build errors. We represent source code, build configuration files, and compiler diagnostic messages as a graph, and then use a Graph Neural Network model to predict a diff. A diff specifies how to modify the code's abstract syntax tree, represented in the neural network as a sequence of tokens and of pointers to code locations. Our network is an instance of a more general abstraction that we call Graph2Tocopo, which is potentially useful in any development tool for predicting source code changes. We evaluate the model on a dataset of over 500k real build errors and their resolutions from professional developers. Compared to the approach of DeepDelta (Mesbah et al., 2019), our approach tackles the harder task of predicting a more precise diff but still achieves over double the accuracy.


12 must-watch TED Talks on artificial intelligence - QAT Global

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For all, you who are technology lovers, AI enthusiasts, and casual consumers with peaked interest, don't miss your chance to learn about the newest advancements in artificial intelligence and an opportunity to join the discussion on the ethics, logistics, and reality of super-intelligent machines. Explore the possibilities of super-intelligence improving our world and our everyday lives while you dive into this great list of TED Talks on artificial intelligence. We have compiled a list of the best TED Talks on AI, providing you with the information you seek on AI technological developments, innovation, and the future of AI. Here are the best TED Talks for anyone interested in AI. We hope you enjoy our list!


More than 300 students participate in 24-hour hackathon

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They had the freedom to use different software platforms including machine–learning, deep learning and block chain to build solutions.


To Prepare for Automation, Stay Curious and Don't Stop Learning -

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Earlier this year, President Trump signed an executive order for the "American AI Initiative," to guide AI developments and investments in the following areas: research and development, ethical standards, automation, and international outreach. This initiative is indicative of the changing times, and how, as a country, the U.S. is learning to navigate the implications of AI. Leaders in the business world, specifically, are faced with the responsibility of equipping our employees with the skills necessary for paving long-lasting career paths, and the workforce must discover what will be expected as technology continues to disrupt the norm, and work as we know it. As a global business leader, an AI optimist, and a father, I find myself asking: What will make a career sustainable in 2020 and beyond? Will the future of education rise to meet the demands of the future of work?


UNESCO ICT in Education Prize: call for nominations open to projects leveraging AI

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The UNESCO King Hamad Bin Isa Al-Khalifa Prize for the use of ICT in education is now accepting candidatures. The theme of the 2019 edition is the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to innovate education, teaching and learning. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and advancements in neuroscience have the potential to enhance teaching methodologies, support lifelong learning and personalize learning through various ways, as well as propel and accelerate the discovery of new delivering modes of education. Keeping in with Sustainable Development Goal 4 on education, UNESCO with its partners is aiming to explore the effective and ethical use of AI applications to reduce barriers to access education and optimize learning processes with a view to improve learning outcomes. In 2019, the Prize will award AI-powered solutions as well as applications of neuroscience in AI aiming to improve learning outcomes, to empower teachers and to enhance the delivery of education services, while advocating for inclusive and equitable use of these technologies in education.


AI university established in Abu Dhabi Global Education Times (GET News)

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An AI university has been established in Abu Dhabi, in what is being billed as a world first for artificial intelligence studies. Earlier this month, it was announced that the Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI) has been established in Abu Dhabi, the first graduate level, research-based AI university globally. The AI university will enable graduate students, businesses, and governments to advance artificial intelligence. The university's name comes from His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi. MBZUAI intends to introduce a new model of academia and research to the field of AI, with a view to provide students and faculty access to some of the world's most advanced AI systems to unleash its potential for economic and societal development.


Fireside Chat: Pedro Domingos, Head of Machine Learning, DE Shaw (FirstMark's Data Driven NYC)

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Sign in to report inappropriate content. Pedro Domingos, bestselling author and Head of Machine Learning at DE Shaw, spoke with FirstMark's Matt Turck at a fireside chat at Data Driven NYC in October 2019. They spoke about Pedro's book, The Master Algorithm, why Pedro considers financial markets'the ultimate machine learning problem,' and much more. Data Driven NYC is a monthly event covering Big Data and data-driven products and startups, hosted by Matt Turck, partner at FirstMark Capital.


As Jobs Are Automated, Will Men and Women Be Affected Equally?

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I am writing this article while my baby daughter sleeps. Like all new parents, her dad and I have spent the last few months in a joy-filled, sleepy haze of getting to know her and imagining what her future might look like. This brings a new intensity, and a little more trepidation, to my role advising on the future of work. What will work look like for this generation of young women, especially as more and more of our roles are being automated -- or even replaced -- by artificial intelligence (AI)? And how can leaders ensure that AI does not lead to gender bias in their organizations? Recent research is beginning to answer these questions, and the outlook is mixed: on the one hand, women may be spared from the job disruptions men will face in the longer-term.