Education
Here Are the Top Data Science Influencers in 2019
The term "influencer marketing" may call to mind jet-setting travel vloggers on YouTube or cool gamer kids streaming on Twitch. However, there are also many influencers working in the business and marketing realm. Data science influencers educate and inform on the subject of the scientific approach to extracting insights from data for real-world applications. Here are eight of the data science thought leaders topping influencer discovery searches. Andrew Ng's credentials speak for themselves.
Unwanted Advances in Higher Education: Uncovering Sexual Harassment Experiences in Academia with Text Mining
Karami, Amir, White, Cynthia Nicole, Ford, Kayla, Swan, Suzanne, Spinel, Melek Yildiz
Sexual harassment in academia is often a hidden problem because victims are usually reluctant to report their experiences. Recently, a web survey was developed to provide an opportunity to share thousands of sexual harassment experiences in academia. Using an efficient approach, this study collected and investigated more than 2,000 sexual harassment experiences to better understand these unwanted advances in higher education. This paper utilized text mining to disclose hidden topics and explore their weight across three variables: harasser gender, institution type, and victim's field of study. We mapped the topics on five themes drawn from the sexual harassment literature and found that more than 50% of the topics were assigned to the unwanted sexual attention theme. Fourteen percent of the topics were in the gender harassment theme, in which insulting, sexist, or degrading comments or behavior was directed towards women. Five percent of the topics involved sexual coercion (a benefit is offered in exchange for sexual favors), 5% involved sex discrimination, and 7% of the topics discussed retaliation against the victim for reporting the harassment, or for simply not complying with the harasser. Findings highlight the power differential between faculty and students, and the toll on students when professors abuse their power. While some topics did differ based on type of institution, there were no differences between the topics based on gender of harasser or field of study. This research can be beneficial to researchers in further investigation of this paper's dataset, and to policymakers in improving existing policies to create a safe and supportive environment in academia.
Large-scale Kernel Methods and Applications to Lifelong Robot Learning
As the size and richness of available datasets grow larger, the opportunities for solving increasingly challenging problems with algorithms learning directly from data grow at the same pace. Consequently, the capability of learning algorithms to work with large amounts of data has become a crucial scientific and technological challenge for their practical applicability. Hence, it is no surprise that large-scale learning is currently drawing plenty of research effort in the machine learning research community. In this thesis, we focus on kernel methods, a theoretically sound and effective class of learning algorithms yielding nonparametric estimators. Kernel methods, in their classical formulations, are accurate and efficient on datasets of limited size, but do not scale up in a cost-effective manner. Recent research has shown that approximate learning algorithms, for instance random subsampling methods like Nystr\"om and random features, with time-memory-accuracy trade-off mechanisms are more scalable alternatives. In this thesis, we provide analyses of the generalization properties and computational requirements of several types of such approximation schemes. In particular, we expose the tight relationship between statistics and computations, with the goal of tailoring the accuracy of the learning process to the available computational resources. Our results are supported by experimental evidence on large-scale datasets and numerical simulations. We also study how large-scale learning can be applied to enable accurate, efficient, and reactive lifelong learning for robotics. In particular, we propose algorithms allowing robots to learn continuously from experience and adapt to changes in their operational environment. The proposed methods are validated on the iCub humanoid robot in addition to other benchmarks.
Self-Driving Car Steering Angle Prediction Based on Image Recognition
Du, Shuyang, Guo, Haoli, Simpson, Andrew
Self-driving vehicles have expanded dramatically over the last few years. Udacity has release a dataset containing, among other data, a set of images with the steering angle captured during driving. The Udacity challenge aimed to predict steering angle based on only the provided images. W e explore two different models to perform high quality prediction of steering angles based on images using different deep learning techniques including Transfer Learning, 3D CNN, LSTM and ResNet. If the Udacity challenge was still ongoing, both of our models would have placed in the top ten of all entries.
Image Classification with Deep Learning in the Presence of Noisy Labels: A Survey
Image classification systems recently made a big leap with the advancement of deep neural networks. However, these systems require excessive amount of labeled data in order to be trained properly. This is not always feasible due to several factors, such as expensiveness of labeling process or difficulty of correctly classifying data even for the experts. Because of these practical challenges, label noise is a common problem in datasets and numerous methods to train deep networks with label noise are proposed in literature. Deep networks are known to be relatively robust to label noise, however their tendency to overfit data makes them vulnerable to memorizing even total random noise. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the existence of label noise and develop counter algorithms to fade away its negative effects for training deep neural networks efficiently. Even though an extensive survey of machine learning techniques under label noise exists, literature lacks a comprehensive survey of methodologies specifically centered around deep learning in the presence of noisy labels. This paper aims to present these algorithms while categorizing them according to their similarity in proposed methodology.
Kernel-estimated Nonparametric Overlap-Based Syncytial Clustering
Almodóvar-Rivera, Israel, Maitra, Ranjan
Commonly-used clustering algorithms usually find ellipsoidal, spherical or other regular-structured clusters, but are more challenged when the underlying groups lack formal structure or definition. Syncytial clustering is the name that we introduce for methods that merge groups obtained from standard clustering algorithms in order to reveal complex group structure in the data. Here, we develop a distribution-free fully-automated syncytial clustering algorithm that can be used with $k$-means and other algorithms. Our approach computes the cumulative distribution function of the normed residuals from an appropriately fit $k$-groups model and calculates the nonparametric overlap between each pair of clusters. Groups with high pairwise overlap are merged as long as the generalized overlap decreases. Our methodology is always a top performer in identifying groups with regular and irregular structures in several datasets and can be applied to datasets with scatter or incomplete records. The approach is also used to identify the distinct kinds of gamma ray bursts in the Burst and Transient Source Experiment 4Br catalog and the distinct kinds of activation in a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging study.
SMiRL: Surprise Minimizing RL in Dynamic Environments
Berseth, Glen, Geng, Daniel, Devin, Coline, Finn, Chelsea, Jayaraman, Dinesh, Levine, Sergey
All living organisms struggle against the forces of nature to carve out niches where they can maintain homeostasis. We propose that such a search for order amidst chaos might offer a unifying principle for the emergence of useful behaviors in artificial agents. We formalize this idea into an unsupervised reinforcement learning method called surprise minimizing RL (SMiRL). SMiRL trains an agent with the objective of maximizing the probability of observed states under a model trained on previously seen states. The resulting agents can acquire proactive behaviors that seek out and maintain stable conditions, such as balancing and damage avoidance, that are closely tied to an environment's prevailing sources of entropy, such as wind, earthquakes, and other agents. We demonstrate that our surprise minimizing agents can successfully play Tetris, Doom, control a humanoid to avoid falls and navigate to escape enemy agents, without any task-specific reward supervision. We further show that SMiRL can be used together with a standard task reward to accelerate reward-driven learning.
Finland seeks to teach 1% of Europeans basics on artificial intelligence - Reuters
TALLINN, Dec 10 (Reuters) - Finland, which holds the rotating EU presidency until the end of the year, said on Tuesday it aims to teach 1% of all Europeans basic skills in artificial intelligence through a free online course it will now translate into all official EU languages. The European Union is pushing for wide deployment of artificial intelligence across the bloc, to help European companies catch up with rivals in Asia and the United States. "Our investment has three goals: we want to equip EU citizens with digital skills for the future, we wish to increase practical understanding of what artificial intelligence is, and by doing so, we want to give a boost to the digital leadership of Europe," said Finnish Minister of Employment Timo Harakka. "As our Presidency ends, we want to offer something concrete. It's about one of the most pressing challenges facing Europe and Finland today: how to develop our digital literacy," Harakka said in a statement. The course, conducted by the University of Helsinki and originally launched in 2018, already has enrolled more than 220,000 students from more than 110 countries.
How I Got Started In Machine Learning
My first look at Python was deliberate as I was following advice to learn the language from my mentor. Within a few hours of doing a deep dive into the language i got hooked and felt that the language was made for me. I made a decision that i would make Python my main language and put in all the work to understand it.My main resource when it came to Python Programming was Python's Documentation which i would advice any newbie to use.After months of intensive coding,I really good at Python that my friends and lecturers noticed, i familiarized myself with Python's frameworks;Django and Flask but i felt that this wasn't enough to make me a Python Guru.At this moment,I desperately needed to be good at Python. Oops,I stepped on Machine learning…. It was the beginning of a new semester,as part of our school curriculum we had to have project ideas for our third year.