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Robust Conversational AI with Grounded Text Generation

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

This article presents a hybrid approach based on a Grounded Text Generation (GTG) model to building robust task bots at scale. GTG is a hybrid model which uses a large-scale Transformer neural network as its backbone, combined with symbol-manipulation modules for knowledge base inference and prior knowledge encoding, to generate responses grounded in dialog belief state and real-world knowledge for task completion. GTG is pre-trained on large amounts of raw text and human conversational data, and can be fine-tuned to complete a wide range of tasks. The hybrid approach and its variants are being developed simultaneously by multiple research teams. The primary results reported on task-oriented dialog benchmarks are very promising, demonstrating the big potential of this approach. This article provides an overview of this progress and discusses related methods and technologies that can be incorporated for building robust conversational AI systems.


An online learning approach to dynamic pricing and capacity sizing in service systems

arXiv.org Machine Learning

We study a dynamic pricing and capacity sizing problem in a GI/GI/1 queue, where the service provider's objective is to obtain the optimal service fee $p$ and service capacity $\mu$ so as to maximize cumulative expected profit (the service revenue minus the staffing cost and delay penalty). Due to the complex nature of the queueing dynamics, such a problem has no analytic solution so that previous research often resorts to heavy-traffic analysis in that both the arrival rate and service rate are sent to infinity. In this work we propose an online learning framework designed for solving this problem which does not require the system's scale to increase. Our algorithm organizes the time horizon into successive operational cycles and prescribes an efficient procedure to obtain improved pricing and staffing policies in each cycle using data collected in previous cycles. Data here include the number of customer arrivals, waiting times, and the server's busy times. The ingenuity of this approach lies in its online nature, which allows the service provider do better by interacting with the environment. Effectiveness of our online learning algorithm is substantiated by (i) theoretical results including the algorithm convergence and regret analysis (with a logarithmic regret bound), and (ii) engineering confirmation via simulation experiments of a variety of representative GI/GI/1 queues.


Architecture of a real-world Machine Learning system

#artificialintelligence

This article is the 2nd in a series dedicated to Machine Learning platforms. It was supported by Digital Catapult and PAPIs. In the previous article, I presented an overview of ML development platforms, whose job is to help create and package ML models. Model building is just one capability, out of many, required in ML systems. I ended that article by mentioning other types of ML platforms, and limitations when building real-world ML systems.


Catalyst of change: Bringing artificial intelligence to the forefront

#artificialintelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been much talked about over the last few years. Several interpretations of the potential of AI and its outcomes have been shared by technologists and futurologists. With the focus on the customer, the possibilities range from predicting trends to recommending actions to prescribing solutions. The potential for change due to AI applications is energised by several factors. The first is the concept of AI itself which is not a new phenomenon.


UC Berkeley researchers develop artificial intelligence to remove shadows from photos

#artificialintelligence

Whether eating out at a restaurant or taking a hike in nature, UC Berkeley doctoral candidate Cecilia Zhang always has a camera at hand. As a lover of visual media, Zhang noticed that individuals are becoming increasingly reliant on mobile phones to take photos and wanted to find a way to bridge the gap between casual portraits and those produced in a professional studio. In order to fulfill this need and push casual photography forward, Zhang and researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Google and UC Berkeley have developed a way to minimize natural and facial shadows from portraits using artificial intelligence, or AI. "After going through thousands of casual portraits in the internet, I realized there's a large issue with lighting and shadows," Zhang said. "Most people don't have access to professional equipment and can't get the environment to bend to their needs."


Machine Learning Regression Masterclass in Python

#artificialintelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution is here! The technology is progressing at a massive scale and is being widely adopted in the Healthcare, defense, banking, gaming, transportation and robotics industries. Machine Learning is a subfield of Artificial Intelligence that enables machines to improve at a given task with experience. Machine Learning is an extremely hot topic; the demand for experienced machine learning engineers and data scientists has been steadily growing in the past 5 years. According to a report released by Research and Markets, the global AI and machine learning technology sectors are expected to grow from $1.4B to $8.8B by 2022 and it is predicted that AI tech sector will create around 2.3 million jobs by 2020.


Unsupervised Machine Learning Hidden Markov Models in Python

#artificialintelligence

Created by Lazy Programmer Inc. English [Auto-generated], Portuguese [Auto-generated] Students also bought Data Science: Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Python Bayesian Machine Learning in Python: A/B Testing Data Science: Supervised Machine Learning in Python Ensemble Machine Learning in Python: Random Forest, AdaBoost The Complete Python Course Learn Python by Doing Preview this course GET COUPON CODE Description The Hidden Markov Model or HMM is all about learning sequences. A lot of the data that would be very useful for us to model is in sequences. Stock prices are sequences of prices. Language is a sequence of words. Credit scoring involves sequences of borrowing and repaying money, and we can use those sequences to predict whether or not you're going to default.


5 Tips for Helping Kids Learn About Coding and Robotics

#artificialintelligence

The current health scare has prompted many parents to rethink their children's learning habits and after-school activities. Although most schools continue to operate normally, many parents have put a temporary halt to some of their kids' usual activities in an effort to keep them safe and healthy. These include after-school sports clubs and learning programs. As a result, children are now spending all their free time in their homes. Making changes in your children's studying methods and after-school activities, though, does not mean that they experience a learning slide and spend their free time doing nothing productive.


Emerging Growth in Artificial Intelligence

#artificialintelligence

Change is inevitable, evolution can't be ignored and the impact of technology cannot be overstated. The world is changing at the speed of light, the world we had decades ago is not the one we have today. Technology has changed every aspect of our life. And one of those changes is the innovation and evolution of artificial intelligence. Whether we agree with its ethics or not, artificial intelligence is part of our daily life.


From viral conspiracies to exam fiascos, algorithms come with serious side effects

The Guardian

Will Thursday 13 August 2020 be remembered as a pivotal moment in democracy's relationship with digital technology? Because of the coronavirus outbreak, A-level and GCSE examinations had to be cancelled, leaving education authorities with a choice: give the kids the grades that had been predicted by their teachers, or use an algorithm. They went with the latter. The outcome was that more than one-third of results in England (35.6%) were downgraded by one grade from the mark issued by teachers. This meant that a lot of pupils didn't get the grades they needed to get to their university of choice.