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Equity and Artificial Intelligence in Education: Will "AIEd" Amplify or Alleviate Inequities in Education?

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

INTRODUCTION With increasing awareness of the societal risks of algorithmic bias and encroaching automation, issues of fairness, accountability, and transparency in data-driven AI systems have received growing academic attention in multiple high-stakes contexts, including healthcare, loan-granting, and hiring (e.g., Barocas & Selbst, 2016; Holstein, Wortman Vaughan, Daumรฉ III, Dudik, & Wallach, 2019; Veale, Van Kleek, & Binns, 2018). Given these noble intentions, why might AIEd systems have inequitable impacts? In this chapter, we ask whether AIEd systems will ultimately serve to A mplify I nequities in Ed ucation, or alternatively, whether they will help to A lleviate existing inequities. We discuss four lenses that can be used to examine how and why AIEd systems risk amplifying existing inequities: (1) factors inherent to the overall socio-technical system design; (2) the use of datasets that reflect historical inequities; (3) factors inherent to the underlying algorithms used to drive machine learning and automated decision-making, and (4) factors that emerge through a complex interplay between automated and human decision-making. Building from these lenses, we then outline possible paths towards more equitable futures for AIEd, while highlighting debates surrounding each proposal. In doing so, we hope to provoke new conversations around the design of equitable AIEd, and to push ongoing conversations in the field forward. PATHWAYS TOWARD INEQUITY IN AIED We begin by presenting four lenses to understand how AIEd systems might amplify existing inequities or even create new ones (cf. While each lens provides a different way of examining pathways towards inequity in AIEd, all are pointed at the same underlying socio-technical system. Figure 1 provides a coarse-grained overview of the broader social-technical systems in which AIEd systems are embedded, and some of the components we will refer to in the four lenses. The accumulated, collective decisions of designers, researchers, policy-makers, and other stakeholders shape these systems' designs. In addition to using or being affected by AIEd systems, on-the-ground stakeholders such as students, teachers, or school administrators may also play a role in shaping their designs; whether directly, through participatory design processes, or indirectly through the passive generation of training data while interacting with an AIEd interface. In turn, decisions regarding what data is used to shape an AIEd system's design (e.g., when used as training data for use with machine learning methods) can shape an AIEd system's algorithmic behavior (e.g., instructional policies learned from data).


Exploring Bayesian Deep Learning for Urgent Instructor Intervention Need in MOOC Forums

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have become a popular choice for e-learning thanks to their great flexibility. However, due to large numbers of learners and their diverse backgrounds, it is taxing to offer real-time support. Learners may post their feelings of confusion and struggle in the respective MOOC forums, but with the large volume of posts and high workloads for MOOC instructors, it is unlikely that the instructors can identify all learners requiring intervention. This problem has been studied as a Natural Language Processing (NLP) problem recently, and is known to be challenging, due to the imbalance of the data and the complex nature of the task. In this paper, we explore for the first time Bayesian deep learning on learner-based text posts with two methods: Monte Carlo Dropout and Variational Inference, as a new solution to assessing the need of instructor interventions for a learner's post. We compare models based on our proposed methods with probabilistic modelling to its baseline non-Bayesian models under similar circumstances, for different cases of applying prediction. The results suggest that Bayesian deep learning offers a critical uncertainty measure that is not supplied by traditional neural networks. This adds more explainability, trust and robustness to AI, which is crucial in education-based applications. Additionally, it can achieve similar or better performance compared to non-probabilistic neural networks, as well as grant lower variance.


The Beginner's Guide to Artificial Intelligence in Unity.

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Do your non-player characters lack drive and ambition? Are they slow, stupid and constantly banging their heads against the wall? Then this course is for you. Join Penny as she explains, demonstrates and assists you in creating your very own NPCs in Unity with C#. All you need is a sound knowledge of Unity, C# and the ability to add two numbers together. In this course, Penny reveals the most popular AI techniques used for creating believable character behaviour in games using her internationally acclaimed teaching style and knowledge from over 25 years working with games, graphics and having written two award winning books on games AI.


[R] Google-Workshop: Conceptual Understanding of Deep Learning, May 17. Join Us.

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Please join us for a virtual Google workshop on "Conceptual Understanding of Deep Learning" When: May 17th 9am-4pm PST. Goal: How does the Brain/Mind (perhaps even an artificial one) work at an algorithmic level? While deep learning has produced tremendous technological strides in recent decades, there is an unsettling feeling of a lack of "conceptual" understanding of why it works and to what extent it will work in the current form. The goal of the workshop is to bring together theorists and practitioners to develop an understanding of the right algorithmic view of deep learning, characterizing the class of functions that can be learned, coming up with the right learning architecture that may (provably) learn multiple functions, concepts and remember them over time as humans do, theoretical understanding of language, logic, RL, meta learning and lifelong learning. The speakers and panelists include Turing award winners Geoffrey Hinton, Leslie Valiant, and Godel Prize winner Christos Papadimitriou (full-details).


MTech at IIIT-Delhi to Have Specialization in Machine Learning, Cyber Physical System

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Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) Delhi has introduced two new specializations โ€“ machine learning and cyber-physical systems โ€“ for the students seeking admission in the MTech (ECE) department. Newly launched MTech (ECE) programme on cyber-physical systems (CPS) at IIIT-Delhi aims to train and equip students with industry-ready skillset on wireless networks and control systems. Upon completion of the programme, student will be able to join the industrial workforce and contribute to the wireless industry, IIIT Delhi said. The MTech (ECE) program on Machine Learning (ML) seeks to equip students with the foundations of Machine Learning and signal processing theory and methods. The coursework is based on foundational and cutting-edge methods in these areas and is taught by faculty conducting pioneering research in the field.


AI and Data Science Courses to start in IET - TheRealityHunt

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Lucknow: Applicants wishing to pursue their career in artificial intelligence (AI) or data science will not need to seek a facility outside of Lucknow. The Institute of Engineering Technology (IET) will launch M.Tech in AI and data science from this year. The growing demand for artificial intelligence and data science in health and the pharmaceutical sector, especially during the Covid-19 epidemic, has made these two studies known to students. "We will provide 18 seats in M.Tech AI and Data Science. Also, the institute is scheduled to receive approval from the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) for three courses: M.Tech (mechanical engineering), M.Tech (structural), M.Tech (strength and power) which will assist students in international acquisition and international relations," said the director of IET Prof. Vineet Kansal.


Financial Engineering and Artificial Intelligence in Python

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Created by Lazy Programmer Team, Lazy Programmer Inc.Preview this Course - GET COUPON CODE Have you ever thought about what would happen if you combined the power of machine learning and artificial intelligence with financial engineering? Today, you can stop imagining, and start doing. This course will teach you the core fundamentals of financial engineering, with a machine learning twist. We will cover must-know topics in financial engineering, such as: Exploratory data analysis, significance testing, correlations, alpha and beta Time series analysis, simple moving average, exponentially-weighted moving average Holt-Winters exponential smoothing model Efficient Market Hypothesis Random Walk Hypothesis Time series forecasting ("stock price prediction") Modern portfolio theory Efficient frontier / Markowitz bullet Mean-variance optimization Maximizing the Sharpe ratio Convex optimization with Linear Programming and Quadratic Programming Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) Algorithmic trading (VIP only) Statistical Factor Models (VIP only) Regime Detection with Hidden Markov Models (VIP only) In addition, we will look at various non-traditional techniques which stem purely from the field of machine learning and artificial intelligence, such as: Classification models Unsupervised learning Reinforcement learning and Q-learning ***VIP-only sections (get it while it lasts!) You will learn exactly why their methodology is fundamentally flawed and why their results are complete nonsense.


Innovator, Problem Solver, Leader

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Biz Barrett is an Innovator, Problem Solver, Leader who knows how to fuse Cultural Anthropology, Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence to create successful companies and help a lot of people. With 5G coming, Biz presents his Ideas and System of Companies for the Development of Software and Interactive Media. His Brand and Leadership will not only impact the future of Education, Social Media and Entertainment, but will Solve Problems in the United States and around the World. He seeks funding to evolve His Enterprise 2BZ Information Technologies, Inc. (2BZ IT) into a huge Media Conglomerate. His System of Companies includes 2BZ Media, MyBOTs llc, the Fishnett Plan and GK Tutors, each of which can conduct business on their own but whose resources, function libraries, data and even code can be shared to collaborate on projects.


Modern Deep Learning in Python

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Created by Lazy Programmer Inc. English [Auto], Indonesian [Auto], 6 more Students also bought Advanced AI: Deep Reinforcement Learning in Python Artificial Intelligence: Reinforcement Learning in Python Deep Learning: Recurrent Neural Networks in Python Deep Learning Prerequisites: Logistic Regression in Python Deep Learning Prerequisites: Linear Regression in Python Deep Learning: Advanced Computer Vision (GANs, SSD, More!) Preview this Udemy Course GET COUPON CODE Description This course continues where my first course, Deep Learning in Python, left off. You already know how to build an artificial neural network in Python, and you have a plug-and-play script that you can use for TensorFlow. Neural networks are one of the staples of machine learning, and they are always a top contender in Kaggle contests. If you want to improve your skills with neural networks and deep learning, this is the course for you. You already learned about backpropagation, but there were a lot of unanswered questions.


Causal Learning for Socially Responsible AI

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

There have been increasing concerns about Artificial Intelligence (AI) due to its unfathomable potential power. To make AI address ethical challenges and shun undesirable outcomes, researchers proposed to develop socially responsible AI (SRAI). One of these approaches is causal learning (CL). We survey state-of-the-art methods of CL for SRAI. We begin by examining the seven CL tools to enhance the social responsibility of AI, then review how existing works have succeeded using these tools to tackle issues in developing SRAI such as fairness. The goal of this survey is to bring forefront the potentials and promises of CL for SRAI.