Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being implemented in more and more fields, including education. The main uses of AI in education are related to tutoring and assessment. This paper analyzes the use of AI for student assessment based on a systematic review. For this purpose, a search was carried out in two databases: Scopus and Web of Science. A total of 454 papers were found and, after analyzing them according to the PRISMA Statement, a total of 22 papers were selected. It is clear from the studies analyzed that, in most of them, the pedagogy underlying the educational action is not reflected. Similarly, formative evaluation seems to be the main use of AI. Another of the main functionalities of AI in assessment is for the automatic grading of students. Several studies analyze the differences between the use of AI and its non-use. We discuss the results and conclude the need for teacher training and further research to understand the possibilities of AI in educational assessment, mainly in other educational levels than higher education. Moreover, it is necessary to increase the wealth of research which focuses on educational aspects more than technical development around AI.

Most tutorials/articles are usually focused on paper reviews and the performance of machine learning models in a lab. However, a significantly overlooked area is putting models into production and monitoring their performance, called online machine learning or online learning, where the model constantly learns from new data. The main advantage of online learning is that it prevents data from going "stale". Sometimes, the nature and distribution of the data are likely to change over time. If your model doesn't keep on improving, its performance will keep on decreasing.

Nowadays, most people are quite familiar with terms like Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, and Machine Learning but the majority of people do not know the actual difference between these terms. You might have heard of these terms before, but you might wonder what they are, and the real differences between all three of them? The main objective of this article is to spread knowledge about technologies like artificial intelligence, deep learning, and machine learning so that you can easily differentiate between these terms and learn how to use such technologies to enhance your productivity. In this article, you will also learn how the Internet of Things is related to artificial intelligence and what other technologies are emerging in the upcoming years. Before we discuss the following technologies, it is worth mentioning that to incorporate them in your personal or professional life; you will need a high-speed internet connection that can easily power all the latest technological equipment without any interruption.

David Schmidt is protecting the environment, but not in the way he first intended. In engineering graduate school, his interest was nuclear fusion. A persuasive Ph.D. advisor guided him toward the physics of fuel injection, a process central to both inertial confinement fusion reactors and internal combustion engines, the advisor's other line of research. While electric cars may seem to be taking over, internal combustion engines (ICEs) will remain on the roads, seas, and tarmacs for decades to come. Schmidt's work makes them cleaner and more efficient.

You are STRONGLY encouraged to complete these courses in order as they are not individual independent courses, but part of a workflow where each course builds on the previous ones. This first course in the IBM AI Enterprise Workflow Certification specialization introduces you to the scope of the specialization and prerequisites. Specifically, the courses in this specialization are meant for practicing data scientists who are knowledgeable about probability, statistics, linear algebra, and Python tooling for data science and machine learning. A hypothetical streaming media company will be introduced as your new client. You will be introduced to the concept of design thinking, IBMs framework for organizing large enterprise AI projects.

We employ constraints to control the parameter space of deep neural networks throughout training. The use of customized, appropriately designed constraints can reduce the vanishing/exploding gradients problem, improve smoothness of classification boundaries, control weight magnitudes and stabilize deep neural networks, and thus enhance the robustness of training algorithms and the generalization capabilities of neural networks. We provide a general approach to efficiently incorporate constraints into a stochastic gradient Langevin framework, allowing enhanced exploration of the loss landscape. We also present specific examples of constrained training methods motivated by orthogonality preservation for weight matrices and explicit weight normalizations. Discretization schemes are provided both for the overdamped formulation of Langevin dynamics and the underdamped form, in which momenta further improve sampling efficiency. These optimization schemes can be used directly, without needing to adapt neural network architecture design choices or to modify the objective with regularization terms, and see performance improvements in classification tasks.

We show a simple reduction which demonstrates the cryptographic hardness of learning a single periodic neuron over isotropic Gaussian distributions in the presence of noise. More precisely, our reduction shows that any polynomial-time algorithm (not necessarily gradient-based) for learning such functions under small noise implies a polynomial-time quantum algorithm for solving worst-case lattice problems, whose hardness form the foundation of lattice-based cryptography. Our core hard family of functions, which are well-approximated by one-layer neural networks, take the general form of a univariate periodic function applied to an affine projection of the data. These functions have appeared in previous seminal works which demonstrate their hardness against gradient-based (Shamir'18), and Statistical Query (SQ) algorithms (Song et al.'17). We show that if (polynomially) small noise is added to the labels, the intractability of learning these functions applies to all polynomial-time algorithms under the aforementioned cryptographic assumptions. Moreover, we demonstrate the necessity of noise in the hardness result by designing a polynomial-time algorithm for learning certain families of such functions under exponentially small adversarial noise. Our proposed algorithm is not a gradient-based or an SQ algorithm, but is rather based on the celebrated Lenstra-Lenstra-Lov\'asz (LLL) lattice basis reduction algorithm. Furthermore, in the absence of noise, this algorithm can be directly applied to solve CLWE detection (Bruna et al.'21) and phase retrieval with an optimal sample complexity of $d+1$ samples. In the former case, this improves upon the quadratic-in-$d$ sample complexity required in (Bruna et al.'21). In the latter case, this improves upon the state-of-the-art AMP-based algorithm, which requires approximately $1.128d$ samples (Barbier et al.'19).

Modeling and simulating a power distribution network (PDN) for printed circuit boards (PCBs) with irregular board shapes and multi-layer stackup is computationally inefficient using full-wave simulations. This paper presents a new concept of using deep learning for PDN impedance prediction. A boundary element method (BEM) is applied to efficiently calculate the impedance for arbitrary board shape and stackup. Then over one million boards with different shapes, stackup, IC location, and decap placement are randomly generated to train a deep neural network (DNN). The trained DNN can predict the impedance accurately for new board configurations that have not been used for training. The consumed time using the trained DNN is only 0.1 seconds, which is over 100 times faster than the BEM method and 5000 times faster than full-wave simulations.

How do you start assembling an AI team? Well, hire unicorns who can understand the business problem, can translate it into the "right" AI building blocks, and can deliver on the implementation and production deployment. Except that sightings of such unicorns are extremely rare. Even if you find a unicorn, chances are you won't be able to afford it! In my experience leading Data AI products and platforms over the past two decades, a more effective strategy is to focus on recruiting solid performers who cumulatively support seven specific skill personas in the team.

Perhaps the most popular data science methodologies come from machine learning. What distinguishes machine learning from other computer guided decision processes is that it builds prediction algorithms using data. Some of the most popular products that use machine learning include the handwriting readers implemented by the postal service, speech recognition, movie recommendation systems, and spam detectors. In this course, part of our Professional Certificate Program in Data Science, you will learn popular machine learning algorithms, principal component analysis, and regularization by building a movie recommendation system. You will learn about training data, and how to use a set of data to discover potentially predictive relationships.