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Why Machine Learning Engineers are Replacing Data Scientists - KDnuggets

#artificialintelligence

ML engineering and data science are not the same things, and here's why: you know when people say that data science is a mix between business knowledge, statistics, and computer science? Well, ML engineering is a lot more about computer science and less about statistics and business knowledge. In practice, that means that a data scientist is more talented at creating new models, analysing and interpreting data, and understanding the mathematical basis for those models. He or she will usually come from a statistics background, some might have a PhD, and will be really good at math, while programming was something they learned in order to do math using a computer. An ML engineer, on the other hand, will shine at building and optimising data flows, implementing models, and putting them in production.


Unsupervised Machine Learning Hidden Markov Models in Python

#artificialintelligence

Created by Lazy Programmer Inc. English [Auto-generated], Portuguese [Auto-generated] Preview this Udemy Course - GET COUPON CODE Description The Hidden Markov Model or HMM is all about learning sequences. A lot of the data that would be very useful for us to model is in sequences. Stock prices are sequences of prices. Language is a sequence of words. Credit scoring involves sequences of borrowing and repaying money, and we can use those sequences to predict whether or not you're going to default.


Continuing Education: Artificial Intelligence

#artificialintelligence

Depending on the people you talk to, architects approach artificial intelligence (AI) with a range of anticipation, skepticism, or dread. Some say algorithms will handle drudge work and free designers to focus on the more creative aspects of their jobs. Others assert that AI won't live up to its hype--at least not in the near future--and will make only marginal improvements in the profession. And a third group worries that software that learns on its own will put a lot of architects out of work. Science fiction writers have been imagining robots that think like human beings for more than 100 years.


The School of the Tomorrow: How AI in Education Changes How We Learn

#artificialintelligence

We live in exponential times, and merely having a digital strategy focused on continuous innovation is no longer enough to thrive in a constantly changing world. To transform an organisation and contribute to building a secure and rewarding networked society, collaboration among employees, customers, business units and even things is increasingly becoming key. Especially with the availability of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, organisations now, more than ever before, need to focus on bringing together the different stakeholders to co-create the future. Big data empowers customers and employees, the Internet of Things will create vast amounts of data and connects all devices, while artificial intelligence creates new human-machine interactions. In today's world, every organisation is a data organisation, and AI is required to make sense of it all.


Computer Conservation: Lily Xu Uses Artificial Intelligence To Stop Poaching Around the World

#artificialintelligence

Lily Xu knew from a young age how much the environment and conservation mattered to her. By 9 years old, she'd already decided to eat vegetarian because, as she put it, "I didn't want to hurt animals." Xu grew up believing her passions would always be separate from her professional interest in computer science. Then she became a graduate student in Milind Tambe's Teamcore Lab, and everything changed. Xu is now doing award-winning research into using machine learning and artificial intelligence to help conservation and anti-poaching efforts around the world.


Feature Selection for Machine Learning

#artificialintelligence

Welcome to Feature Selection for Machine Learning, the most comprehensive course on feature selection available online. In this course, you will learn how to select the variables in your data set and build simpler, faster, more reliable and more interpretable machine learning models. Who is this course for? You've given your first steps into data science, you know the most commonly used machine learning models, you probably built a few linear regression or decision tree based models. You are familiar with data pre-processing techniques like removing missing data, transforming variables, encoding categorical variables.


Effective and efficient structure learning with pruning and model averaging strategies

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Learning the structure of a Bayesian Network (BN) with score-based solutions involves exploring the search space of possible graphs and moving towards the graph that maximises a given objective function. Some algorithms offer exact solutions that guarantee to return the graph with the highest objective score, while others offer approximate solutions in exchange for reduced computational complexity. This paper describes an approximate BN structure learning algorithm, which we call Model Averaging Hill-Climbing (MAHC), that combines two novel strategies with hill-climbing search. The algorithm starts by pruning the search space of graphs, where the pruning strategy can be viewed as an aggressive version of the pruning strategies that are typically applied to combinatorial optimisation structure learning problems. It then performs model averaging in the hill-climbing search process and moves to the neighbouring graph that maximises the objective function, on average, for that neighbouring graph and over all its valid neighbouring graphs. Comparisons with other algorithms spanning different classes of learning suggest that the combination of aggressive pruning with model averaging is both effective and efficient, particularly in the presence of data noise.


Collaborative AI Needs Stronger Assurances Driven by Risks

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Collaborative AI systems (CAISs) aim at working together with humans in a shared space to achieve a common goal. This critical setting yields hazardous circumstances that could harm human beings. Thus, building such systems with strong assurances of compliance with requirements, domain-specific standards and regulations is of greatest importance. Only few scale impact has been reported so far for such systems since much work remains to manage possible risks. We identify emerging problems in this context and then we report our vision, as well as the progress of our multidisciplinary research team composed of software/systems, and mechatronics engineers to develop a risk-driven assurance process for CAISs.


DINE: Domain Adaptation from Single and Multiple Black-box Predictors

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

To ease the burden of labeling, unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) aims to transfer knowledge in previous and related labeled datasets (sources) to a new unlabeled dataset (target). Despite impressive progress, prior methods always need to access the raw source data and develop data-dependent alignment approaches to recognize the target samples in a transductive learning manner, which may raise privacy concerns from source individuals. Several recent studies resort to an alternative solution by exploiting the well-trained white-box model from the source domain, yet, it may still leak the raw data through generative adversarial learning. This paper studies a practical and interesting setting for UDA, where only black-box source models (i.e., only network predictions are available) are provided during adaptation in the target domain. To solve this problem, we propose a new two-step knowledge adaptation framework called DIstill and fine-tuNE (DINE). Taking into consideration the target data structure, DINE first distills the knowledge from the source predictor to a customized target model, then fine-tunes the distilled model to further fit the target domain. Besides, neural networks are not required to be identical across domains in DINE, even allowing effective adaptation on a low-resource device. Empirical results on three UDA scenarios (i.e., single-source, multi-source, and partial-set) confirm that DINE achieves highly competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art data-dependent approaches. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/tim-learn/DINE/}.


VisRuler: Visual Analytics for Extracting Decision Rules from Bagged and Boosted Decision Trees

arXiv.org Machine Learning

Bagging and boosting are two popular ensemble methods in machine learning (ML) that produce many individual decision trees. Due to the inherent ensemble characteristic of these methods, they typically outperform single decision trees or other ML models in predictive performance. However, numerous decision paths are generated for each decision tree, increasing the overall complexity of the model and hindering its use in domains that require trustworthy and explainable decisions, such as finance, social care, and health care. Thus, the interpretability of bagging and boosting algorithms, such as random forests and adaptive boosting, reduces as the number of decisions rises. In this paper, we propose a visual analytics tool that aims to assist users in extracting decisions from such ML models via a thorough visual inspection workflow that includes selecting a set of robust and diverse models (originating from different ensemble learning algorithms), choosing important features according to their global contribution, and deciding which decisions are essential for global explanation (or locally, for specific cases). The outcome is a final decision based on the class agreement of several models and the explored manual decisions exported by users. Finally, we evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of VisRuler via a use case, a usage scenario, and a user study.