Education
12 FREE Udacity Courses on Data Analytics, SQL & Data Visualization
Are you looking for FREE Courses on Data Analytics, SQL & Data Visualization? If yes, then this article is for you. In this article, you will find the 12 FREE Udacity Courses on Data Analytics, SQL & Data Visualization. These free courses will help you to learn data analytics, SQL & Data Visualization free of cost. All courses are completely free.
Generalized Linear Model
What is a Generalized Linear Model? Why GLM? Assumptions of GLM Components of GLM Different Generalized Linear Models Difference Between Generalized Linear Model and General Linear Model Can Generalized Linear Models have correlated data? Generalized Linear Model (GLiM, or GLM) is an advanced statistical modelling technique formulated by John Nelder and Robert Wedderburn in 1972. It is an umbrella term that encompasses many other models, which allows the response variable y to have an error distribution other than a normal distribution. The models include Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, and Poisson Regression.
Blender Character Creator v2.0 for Video Games Design
Take your first steps to becoming a 3D character artist - learn everything from modelling to painting to animating the character. The course is the sequel to the highly popular Blender Character Creator course, enjoyed by 10s of thousands of students. This course has been created using Blender 2.83 and is compatible with newer versions of Blender. Whether you're a beginner or more advanced, the experienced instructors will take you through every step of the process, ensuring that you aren't just "copy and pasting" what you see, but learning the tools and developing your own creative process as you go. For each concept taught this course includes a relevant challenge for you to implement yourself.
Lifelong Machine Learning of Functionally Compositional Structures
A hallmark of human intelligence is the ability to construct self-contained chunks of knowledge and reuse them in novel combinations for solving different problems. Learning such compositional structures has been a challenge for artificial systems, due to the underlying combinatorial search. To date, research into compositional learning has largely proceeded separately from work on lifelong or continual learning. This dissertation integrated these two lines of work to present a general-purpose framework for lifelong learning of functionally compositional structures. The framework separates the learning into two stages: learning how to combine existing components to assimilate a novel problem, and learning how to adapt the existing components to accommodate the new problem. This separation explicitly handles the trade-off between stability and flexibility. This dissertation instantiated the framework into various supervised and reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. Supervised learning evaluations found that 1) compositional models improve lifelong learning of diverse tasks, 2) the multi-stage process permits lifelong learning of compositional knowledge, and 3) the components learned by the framework represent self-contained and reusable functions. Similar RL evaluations demonstrated that 1) algorithms under the framework accelerate the discovery of high-performing policies, and 2) these algorithms retain or improve performance on previously learned tasks. The dissertation extended one lifelong compositional RL algorithm to the nonstationary setting, where the task distribution varies over time, and found that modularity permits individually tracking changes to different elements in the environment. The final contribution of this dissertation was a new benchmark for compositional RL, which exposed that existing methods struggle to discover the compositional properties of the environment.
ConceptBeam: Concept Driven Target Speech Extraction
Ohishi, Yasunori, Delcroix, Marc, Ochiai, Tsubasa, Araki, Shoko, Takeuchi, Daiki, Niizumi, Daisuke, Kimura, Akisato, Harada, Noboru, Kashino, Kunio
We propose a novel framework for target speech extraction based on semantic information, called ConceptBeam. Target speech extraction means extracting the speech of a target speaker in a mixture. Typical approaches have been exploiting properties of audio signals, such as harmonic structure and direction of arrival. In contrast, ConceptBeam tackles the problem with semantic clues. Specifically, we extract the speech of speakers speaking about a concept, i.e., a topic of interest, using a concept specifier such as an image or speech. Solving this novel problem would open the door to innovative applications such as listening systems that focus on a particular topic discussed in a conversation. Unlike keywords, concepts are abstract notions, making it challenging to directly represent a target concept. In our scheme, a concept is encoded as a semantic embedding by mapping the concept specifier to a shared embedding space. This modality-independent space can be built by means of deep metric learning using paired data consisting of images and their spoken captions. We use it to bridge modality-dependent information, i.e., the speech segments in the mixture, and the specified, modality-independent concept. As a proof of our scheme, we performed experiments using a set of images associated with spoken captions. That is, we generated speech mixtures from these spoken captions and used the images or speech signals as the concept specifiers. We then extracted the target speech using the acoustic characteristics of the identified segments. We compare ConceptBeam with two methods: one based on keywords obtained from recognition systems and another based on sound source separation. We show that ConceptBeam clearly outperforms the baseline methods and effectively extracts speech based on the semantic representation.
A Retrospective on ICSE 2022
Winston, Cailin, Winston, Caleb, Winston, Chloe, Winston, Claris, Winston, Cleah
The 44th International Conference on Software Engineering(ICSE 2022) was held in person from May 22 to May 27, 2022 in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Since ICSE was held as a solely virtual conference for the last two years, the opportunity to interact with other members of the software engineering community in person and to engage in insightful discussions in a physical room was greatly welcomed. Each day was organized into paper sessions, poster sessions, and Birds of a Feather(BoF) sessions, in addition to plenty of time for networking. Each paper session consisted of around 6-10 5 minute talks and time for questions for the authors. The Birds of a Feather sessions allowed for a broader discussion on a topic; the sessions varied in terms of topics and format. In this document, we summarize themes of research that we observed at the conference.
Prune Your Model Before Distill It
Knowledge distillation transfers the knowledge from a cumbersome teacher to a small student. Recent results suggest that the student-friendly teacher is more appropriate to distill since it provides more transferable knowledge. In this work, we propose the novel framework, "prune, then distill," that prunes the model first to make it more transferrable and then distill it to the student. We provide several exploratory examples where the pruned teacher teaches better than the original unpruned networks. We further show theoretically that the pruned teacher plays the role of regularizer in distillation, which reduces the generalization error. Based on this result, we propose a novel neural network compression scheme where the student network is formed based on the pruned teacher and then apply the "prune, then distill" strategy.
Sparse Distillation: Speeding Up Text Classification by Using Bigger Student Models
Ye, Qinyuan, Khabsa, Madian, Lewis, Mike, Wang, Sinong, Ren, Xiang, Jaech, Aaron
Distilling state-of-the-art transformer models into lightweight student models is an effective way to reduce computation cost at inference time. The student models are typically compact transformers with fewer parameters, while expensive operations such as self-attention persist. Therefore, the improved inference speed may still be unsatisfactory for real-time or high-volume use cases. In this paper, we aim to further push the limit of inference speed by distilling teacher models into bigger, sparser student models -- bigger in that they scale up to billions of parameters; sparser in that most of the model parameters are n-gram embeddings. Our experiments on six single-sentence text classification tasks show that these student models retain 97% of the RoBERTa-Large teacher performance on average, and meanwhile achieve up to 600x speed-up on both GPUs and CPUs at inference time. Further investigation reveals that our pipeline is also helpful for sentence-pair classification tasks, and in domain generalization settings.
Generalizing to New Tasks via One-Shot Compositional Subgoals
Bian, Xihan, Mendez, Oscar, Hadfield, Simon
The ability to generalize to previously unseen tasks with little to no supervision is a key challenge in modern machine learning research. It is also a cornerstone of a future "General AI". Any artificially intelligent agent deployed in a real world application, must adapt on the fly to unknown environments. Researchers often rely on reinforcement and imitation learning to provide online adaptation to new tasks, through trial and error learning. However, this can be challenging for complex tasks which require many timesteps or large numbers of subtasks to complete. These "long horizon" tasks suffer from sample inefficiency and can require extremely long training times before the agent can learn to perform the necessary longterm planning. In this work, we introduce CASE which attempts to address these issues by training an Imitation Learning agent using adaptive "near future" subgoals. These subgoals are recalculated at each step using compositional arithmetic in a learned latent representation space. In addition to improving learning efficiency for standard long-term tasks, this approach also makes it possible to perform one-shot generalization to previously unseen tasks, given only a single reference trajectory for the task in a different environment. Our experiments show that the proposed approach consistently outperforms the previous state-of-the-art compositional Imitation Learning approach by 30%.
Black-box Few-shot Knowledge Distillation
Nguyen, Dang, Gupta, Sunil, Do, Kien, Venkatesh, Svetha
Knowledge distillation (KD) is an efficient approach to transfer the knowledge from a large "teacher" network to a smaller "student" network. Traditional KD methods require lots of labeled training samples and a white-box teacher (parameters are accessible) to train a good student. However, these resources are not always available in real-world applications. The distillation process often happens at an external party side where we do not have access to much data, and the teacher does not disclose its parameters due to security and privacy concerns. To overcome these challenges, we propose a black-box few-shot KD method to train the student with few unlabeled training samples and a black-box teacher. Our main idea is to expand the training set by generating a diverse set of out-of-distribution synthetic images using MixUp and a conditional variational auto-encoder. These synthetic images along with their labels obtained from the teacher are used to train the student. We conduct extensive experiments to show that our method significantly outperforms recent SOTA few/zero-shot KD methods on image classification tasks. The code and models are available at: https://github.com/nphdang/FS-BBT