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In this course, you will develop your data science skills while solving real-world problems. You'll work through the data science process to and use unsupervised learning to explore data, engineer and select meaningful features, and solve complex supervised learning problems using tree-based models. You will also learn to apply hyperparameter tuning and cross-validation strategies to improve model performance. NOTE: This is the third and final course in the Data Science with Databricks for Data Analysts Coursera specialization. To be successful in this course we highly recommend taking the first two courses in that specialization prior to taking this course.

The graph represents a network of 1,939 Twitter users whose tweets in the requested range contained "datascientist", or who were replied to or mentioned in those tweets. The network was obtained from the NodeXL Graph Server on Monday, 28 November 2022 at 20:51 UTC. The requested start date was Monday, 28 November 2022 at 01:01 UTC and the maximum number of days (going backward) was 14. The maximum number of tweets collected was 7,500. The tweets in the network were tweeted over the 3-day, 14-hour, 40-minute period from Tuesday, 22 November 2022 at 12:30 UTC to Saturday, 26 November 2022 at 03:10 UTC.

Machine learning (ML) has been increasingly used to aid aerodynamic shape optimization (ASO), thanks to the availability of aerodynamic data and continued developments in deep learning. We review the applications of ML in ASO to date and provide a perspective on the state-of-the-art and future directions. We first introduce conventional ASO and current challenges. Next, we introduce ML fundamentals and detail ML algorithms that have been successful in ASO. Then, we review ML applications to ASO addressing three aspects: compact geometric design space, fast aerodynamic analysis, and efficient optimization architecture. In addition to providing a comprehensive summary of the research, we comment on the practicality and effectiveness of the developed methods. We show how cutting-edge ML approaches can benefit ASO and address challenging demands, such as interactive design optimization. Practical large-scale design optimizations remain a challenge because of the high cost of ML training. Further research on coupling ML model construction with prior experience and knowledge, such as physics-informed ML, is recommended to solve large-scale ASO problems.

Collaborative machine learning (CML) techniques, such as federated learning, were proposed to collaboratively train deep learning models using multiple end-user devices and a server. CML techniques preserve the privacy of end-users as it does not require user data to be transferred to the server. Instead, local models are trained and shared with the server. However, the low resource utilisation of CML techniques makes the training process inefficient, thereby limiting the use of CML in the real world. Idling resources both on the server and devices due to sequential computation and communication is the principal cause of low resource utilisation. A novel framework PipeLearn that leverages pipeline parallelism for CML techniques is developed to improve resource utilisation substantially. A new training pipeline is designed to parallelise the computations on different hardware resources and communication on different bandwidth resources, thereby accelerating the training process in CML. The pipeline is further optimised to ensure maximum utilisation of available resources. The experimental results confirm the validity of the underlying approach of PipeLearn and highlight that when compared to federated learning: (i) the idle time of the server can be reduced by 2.2x - 28.5x, (ii) the network throughput can be increased by 56.6x - 321.3x, and (iii) the overall training time can be accelerated by 1.5x - 21.6x under varying network conditions for two popular convolutional models without sacrificing accuracy. PipeLearn is available for public download from https://github.com/blessonvar/PipeLearn.

The International Workshop on Reading Music Systems (WoRMS) is a workshop that tries to connect researchers who develop systems for reading music, such as in the field of Optical Music Recognition, with other researchers and practitioners that could benefit from such systems, like librarians or musicologists. The relevant topics of interest for the workshop include, but are not limited to: Music reading systems; Optical music recognition; Datasets and performance evaluation; Image processing on music scores; Writer identification; Authoring, editing, storing and presentation systems for music scores; Multi-modal systems; Novel input-methods for music to produce written music; Web-based Music Information Retrieval services; Applications and projects; Use-cases related to written music. These are the proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Reading Music Systems, held in Paris on the 20th of September 2018.

This work introduces a new multi-task, parameter-efficient language model (LM) tuning method that learns to transfer knowledge across different tasks via a mixture of soft prompts-small prefix embedding vectors pre-trained for different tasks. Our method, called ATTEMPT (ATTEntional Mixtures of Prompt Tuning), obtains source prompts as encodings of large-scale source tasks into a small number of parameters and trains an attention module to interpolate the source prompts and a newly initialized target prompt for every instance in the target task. During training, only the target task prompt and the attention weights, which are shared between tasks in multi-task training, are updated, while the original LM and source prompts are intact. ATTEMPT is highly parameter-efficient (e.g., updates 2,300 times fewer parameters than full fine-tuning) while achieving high task performance using knowledge from high-resource tasks. Moreover, it is modular using pre-trained soft prompts, and can flexibly add or remove source prompts for effective knowledge transfer. Our experimental results across 21 diverse NLP datasets show that ATTEMPT significantly outperforms prompt tuning and outperforms or matches fully fine-tuned or other parameter-efficient tuning approaches that use over ten times more parameters. Finally, ATTEMPT outperforms previous work in few-shot learning settings.

Nowadays, distance learning technologies have become very popular. The recent pandemic has had a particularly strong impact on the development of distance education technologies. Kazan Federal University has a distance learning system based on LMS Moodle. This article describes the structure of the OntoMathEdu ecosystem aimed at improving the process of teaching school mathematics courses, and also provides a method for improving the OntoMathEdu ontology structure based on identifying new connections between contextually related concepts.

The status of retinal arteriovenous crossing is of great significance for clinical evaluation of arteriolosclerosis and systemic hypertension. As an ophthalmology diagnostic criteria, Scheie's classification has been used to grade the severity of arteriolosclerosis. In this paper, we propose a deep learning approach to support the diagnosis process, which, to the best of our knowledge, is one of the earliest attempts in medical imaging. The proposed pipeline is three-fold. First, we adopt segmentation and classification models to automatically obtain vessels in a retinal image with the corresponding artery/vein labels and find candidate arteriovenous crossing points. Second, we use a classification model to validate the true crossing point. At last, the grade of severity for the vessel crossings is classified. To better address the problem of label ambiguity and imbalanced label distribution, we propose a new model, named multi-diagnosis team network (MDTNet), in which the sub-models with different structures or different loss functions provide different decisions. MDTNet unifies these diverse theories to give the final decision with high accuracy. Our severity grading method was able to validate crossing points with precision and recall of 96.3% and 96.3%, respectively. Among correctly detected crossing points, the kappa value for the agreement between the grading by a retina specialist and the estimated score was 0.85, with an accuracy of 0.92. The numerical results demonstrate that our method can achieve a good performance in both arteriovenous crossing validation and severity grading tasks. By the proposed models, we could build a pipeline reproducing retina specialist's subjective grading without feature extractions. The code is available for reproducibility.

This paper provides an introductory survey to GPT-3. We cover some of the historical development behind this technology, some of the key features of GPT-3, and discuss the machine learning model and the datasets used. We survey both academic and commercial efforts applying GPT-3 in diverse domains such as developing conversational AI chatbots, software development, creative work, domain knowledge, and business productivity. We discuss some of the challenges that GPT-3 faces such as the problems of training complexity, bias, and hallucination/incorrect answers. We also discuss the future research opportunities in this area.