Readers respond to Hannah Goldfield's Take about Anthony Bourdain and James Somers's piece about whether A.I. is thinking. Hannah Goldfield's article about "Don't Eat Before Reading This," by Anthony Bourdain, brought back memories of when I first learned of this new voice straddling the restaurant and literary worlds ( Takes, November 17th). When Bourdain's book "Kitchen Confidential" came out, in 2000, I was the general manager of an Italian restaurant at a historic five-star hotel. The staff was full of brainy foodies, and we talked about the book endlessly. We all thought Bourdain might end up being a flash in the pan, but were happy to be proved wrong.

"We really can't do this research without collaboration." Wąsala collaborates with atmospheric scientists from SRON (Space Research Organisation Netherlands) on machine learning models that detect large greenhouse gas emissions from space. There is too much data to review manually, and such models offer a solution. How much greenhouse gas do humans emit? The machine learning method Wąsala refers to detects emissions in the form of a point source: plumes.

'Our industry has been strip-mined': video game workers protest at The Game Awards Outside the lavish event, workers called out the'greed' in the industry that has left games'being sold for parts to make a few people a lot of money' It's the night of the 2025 Game Awards, a major industry event where the best games of the year are crowned and major publishers reveal forthcoming projects. In the shadow of the Peacock theater in Los Angeles and next to a giant, demonic statue promoting new game Divinity, which would be announced on stage later that evening, stands a collection of people in bright red shirts. Many are holding signs: a tombstone honouring the "death" of The Game Awards' Future Class talent development programme; a bold, black-and-red graphic that reads "We're Done Playing"; and "wanted" posters for Take-Two Interactive CEO Strauss Zelnick and Microsoft CEO Phil Spencer. The protesters, who were almost denied entry to the public space outside the Peacock theater ("they knew we were coming," one jokes), are from United Videogame Workers (UVW), an industry-wide, direct-join union for North America that is part of the Communications Workers of America. "We are out here today to raise awareness of the plight of the game worker," says Anna C Webster, chair of the freelancing committee, in the hot Los Angeles sun. "Our industry has been strip-mined for resources by these corporate overlords, and we figured the best place to raise awareness of what's happening in the games industry is at the culmination, the final boss, as it were: The Game Awards."

If a major disaster like Fukushima or Chernobyl ever happens again, the world would know almost straight away, thanks to an array of government and DIY radiation-monitoring programs running globally.

AI might not be coming for lawyers' jobs anytime soon Generative AI might have aced the bar exam, but an LLM still can't think like a lawyer. When the generative AI boom took off in 2022, Rudi Miller and her law school classmates were suddenly gripped with anxiety. "Before graduating, there was discussion about what the job market would look like for us if AI became adopted," she recalls. So when it came time to choose a speciality, Miller--now a junior associate at the law firm Orrick--decided to become a litigator, the kind of lawyer who represents clients in court. She hoped the courtroom would be the last human stage. "Judges haven't allowed ChatGPT-enabled robots to argue in court yet," she says.

AI coding is now everywhere. But not everyone is convinced. Developers are navigating confusing gaps between expectation and reality. So are the rest of us. Depending who you ask, AI-powered coding is either giving software developers an unprecedented productivity boost or churning out masses of poorly designed code that saps their attention and sets software projects up for serious long term-maintenance problems. The problem is right now, it's not easy to know which is true. As tech giants pour billions into large language models (LLMs), coding has been touted as the technology's killer app. Both Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella and Google CEO Sundar Pichai have claimed that around a quarter of their companies' code is now AI-generated. And in March, Anthropic's CEO, Dario Amodei, predicted that within six months 90% of all code would be written by AI.

Four ways to think about this year's reckoning When OpenAI released a free web app called ChatGPT in late 2022, it changed the course of an entire industry--and several world economies. Millions of people started talking to their computers, and their computers started talking back. We were enchanted, and we expected more. Technology companies scrambled to stay ahead, putting out rival products that outdid one another with each new release: voice, images, video. With nonstop one-upmanship, AI companies have presented each new product drop as a major breakthrough, reinforcing a widespread faith that this technology would just keep getting better. Boosters told us that progress was exponential.

Startups flush with cash are building AI-assisted laboratories to find materials far faster and more cheaply, but are still waiting for their ChatGPT moment. The microwave-size instrument at Lila Sciences in Cambridge, Massachusetts, doesn't look all that different from others that I've seen in state-of-the-art materials labs. Inside its vacuum chamber, the machine zaps a palette of different elements to create vaporized particles, which then fly through the chamber and land to create a thin film, using a technique called sputtering. What sets this instrument apart is that artificial intelligence is running the experiment; an AI agent, trained on vast amounts of scientific literature and data, has determined the recipe and is varying the combination of elements. Later, a person will walk the samples, each containing multiple potential catalysts, over to a different part of the lab for testing. Another AI agent will scan and interpret the data, using it to suggest another round of experiments to try to optimize the materials' performance. For now, a human scientist keeps a close eye on the experiments and will approve the next steps on the basis of the AI's suggestions and the test results. But the startup is convinced this AI-controlled machine is a peek into the future of materials discovery--one in which autonomous labs could make it far cheaper and faster to come up with novel and useful compounds. Flush with hundreds of millions of dollars in new funding, Lila Sciences is one of AI's latest unicorns.

Here's how pinning a utopian vision for AI on LLMs kicked off the hype cycle that's causing fears of a bubble today. Each time you've heard a borderline outlandish idea of what AI will be capable of, it often turns out that Sam Altman was, if not the first to articulate it, at least the most persuasive and influential voice behind it. For more than a decade he has been known in Silicon Valley as a world-class fundraiser and persuader. OpenAI's early releases around 2020 set the stage for a mania around large language models, and the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022 granted Altman a world stage on which to present his new thesis: that these models mirror human intelligence and could swing the doors open to a healthier and wealthier techno-utopia. Throughout, Altman's words have set the agenda. He has framed a prospective superintelligent AI as either humanistic or catastrophic, depending on what effect he was hoping to create, what he was raising money for, or which tech giant seemed like his most formidable competitor at the moment.

What even is the AI bubble? Everyone in tech agrees we're in a bubble. They just can't agree on what it looks like -- or what happens when it pops. In July, a widely cited MIT study claimed that 95% of organizations that invested in generative AI were getting "zero return." While the study itself was more nuanced than the headlines, for many it still felt like the first hard data point confirming what skeptics had muttered for months: Hype around AI might be outpacing reality. Then, in August, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said what everyone in Silicon Valley had been whispering.