Modeling an ontology is a hard and time-consuming task. Although methodologies are useful for ontologists to create good ontologies, they do not help with the task of evaluating the quality of the ontology to be reused. For these reasons, it is imperative to evaluate the quality of the ontology after constructing it or before reusing it. Few studies usually present only a set of criteria and questions, but no guidelines to evaluate the ontology. The effort to evaluate an ontology is very high as there is a huge dependence on the evaluator's expertise to understand the criteria and questions in depth. Moreover, the evaluation is still very subjective. This study presents a novel methodology for ontology evaluation, taking into account three fundamental principles: i) it is based on the Goal, Question, Metric approach for empirical evaluation; ii) the goals of the methodologies are based on the roles of knowledge representations combined with specific evaluation criteria; iii) each ontology is evaluated according to the type of ontology. The methodology was empirically evaluated using different ontologists and ontologies of the same domain. The main contributions of this study are: i) defining a step-by-step approach to evaluate the quality of an ontology; ii) proposing an evaluation based on the roles of knowledge representations; iii) the explicit difference of the evaluation according to the type of the ontology iii) a questionnaire to evaluate the ontologies; iv) a statistical model that automatically calculates the quality of the ontologies.

Finally, a martian rover to call your own. A Polish team of engineers who first created a rover in a NASA contest that eventually led to Curiosity have revealed a remote control, backpack-sized version of their'land drone' designed to be used on Earth. The $1400 'Turtle Rover' has a robot arm that can be remotely controlled, a HD camera for livestreaming, and can have everything from GoPro's to laser mapping attachments added to it. The'Turtle Rover' land drone is built on NASA-inspired suspension and can conquer every terrain and even be submerged under water, making it possible for everyone from researchers to wildlife photographers to explore what might otherwise be inaccessible parts of Earth Its makers boast it can conquer every terrain and even be submerged under water, making it possible for everyone from researchers to wildlife photographers. ''The only real limit is your imagination' are not just empty marketing words we use,' Simon Dzwonczyk, CEO and mechanical designer of Kell Ideas, the maker of Turtle Rover, told DailyMail.com.

Porsche is looking to become the envy of the green conscious with its latest electric lineup. Nathan Rousseau Smith (@fantasticmrnate) has the details. Porsche's InnoDrive driver-assist tech leverages data from topographical maps and traffic services to look 1.8 miles down the road and prepare the car's suspension and engine for the road ahead. Porsche drivers will soon have cars that can electronically see 1.8-miles down the road, thanks to the German automaker's formerly European-only InnoDrive system that will make its appearance on 2019 U.S. models. The driver-assist feature, which the company announced during an event at its Zuffenhausen, Germany, headquarters this week, is yet another salvo in the ongoing war between automakers to provide motorists with a growing suite of technological minders that making driving safer while stopping well short of offering as-yet unproven self-driving vehicles.

Why invent something you can borrow from nature? Creating the right motion for a robot to move well through sand or snow is a tricky problem, but one that nature solved long ago. By borrowing from biology, a new robot with a rotating coiled tail can move through loose powders at a good clip, making it useful for search and rescue missions or exploration. Many bacteria use rotation to help them move through gooey fluids, powered by propeller-like tails. Similarly, seeds of some plants such as geraniums have a coiled appendage called an awn that helps push them deeper into the soil. It is 12 centimetres long, with a hemispherical head and a helical tail.

Tech companies are competing to develop the first viable passenger-carrying sky taxis, whether manned or pilotless, but how soon could these clever copters really be whizzing over our cities? And would you trust one? Dubai is racing to be the first to put drone taxis in the air. In June, its Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) signed an agreement with a German start-up Volocopter to test pilotless air taxis towards the end of this year. The firm has received 25m euros (£22m; $30m) from investors, including German motor manufacturer Daimler, to develop the 18-rotor craft capable of transporting two passengers at a time.

The data torrent unleashed by current and upcoming instruments requires scalable analysis methods. Machine Learning approaches scale well. However, separating the instrument measurement from the physical effects of interest, dealing with variable errors, and deriving parameter uncertainties is usually an afterthought. Classic forward-folding analyses with Markov Chain Monte Carlo or Nested Sampling enable parameter estimation and model comparison, even for complex and slow-to-evaluate physical models. However, these approaches require independent runs for each data set, implying an unfeasible number of model evaluations in the Big Data regime. Here we present a new algorithm, collaborative nested sampling, for deriving parameter probability distributions for each observation. Importantly, in our method the number of physical model evaluations scales sub-linearly with the number of data sets, and we make no assumptions about homogeneous errors, Gaussianity, the form of the model or heterogeneity/completeness of the observations. Collaborative nested sampling has immediate application in speeding up analyses of large surveys, integral-field-unit observations, and Monte Carlo simulations.

Back in January, Google rolled out a "parking difficulty" icon in Maps which, as its name suggests, explains how hard it will be to find a spot for your vehicle. While useful, it was only available in 25 US cities, including New York and San Francisco. Today, it's being expanded to a further 25 locations around the globe: Alicante, Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Barcelona, Cologne, Darmstadt, Dusseldorf, London, Madrid, Malaga, Manchester, Milan, Montreal, Moscow, Munich, Paris, Prague, Rio de Janeiro, Rome, Sao Paulo, Stockholm, Stuttgart, Toronto, Valencia and Vancouver. Just pop in your destination and you'll see a limited, medium or easy symbol near the bottom of the screen, next to the estimated journey time. The ratings are based on "historical parking data," according to Google, and a smidge of "machine learning magic."

Pioneers from the worlds of artificial intelligence and robotics – including Elon Musk and Deepmind's Mustafa Suleyman – have asked the United Nations to ban autonomous weapon systems. A letter from the experts says the weapons currently under development risk opening a "Pandora's box" that if left open could create a dangerous "third revolution in warfare". The open letter coincides with the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, which is currently being held in Melbourne, Australia. Ahead of the same conference in 2015, the Telsa founder was joined by Steven Hawking, Steve Wozniak and Noam Chomsky in condemning a new "global arms race". Suggestions that warfare will be transformed by artificially intelligent weapons capable of making their own decisions about who to kill are not hyperbolic.

A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Chatbots now work well for ordering a pizza, but managing a complex travel itinerary is a different story. Ask any technology expert about the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in travel and they'll breathlessly tell you we're on the verge of a revolution. They'll describe a world in the not-too-distant future where smart applications can find and book a bargain airfare, manage your trip and troubleshoot any problems that might come up with greater speed and efficiency than any human travel agent. But ask any traveler to describe their experience with AI, and you might hear a different story: One of struggling to be understood by technology that claims to be smart. These early days of travel bots that specialize in customer service, chat, messaging and search are a cautionary tale.

Gaming is an addiction but for cyber criminals, it is a lucrative business. IT security researchers at ESET have discovered a new malware targeting gamers around the world. Dubbed "Joao" by researchers; the malware exists in third party websites offering malicious setups for Aeria games. The malware works in such a way that once executed it can install other malicious codes on a targeted device. Furthermore, Joao takes advantage of "Massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs)," a platform for role-playing video games and massively multiplayer online games where a large number of gamers get together to interact. The attackers behind Joao have developed the malware in such a way that when a victim executes the game launcher, it silently launches itself in the background and sends device information to the attackers including its operating system, name and what privileges a user has on that device.