Africa
ChatGPT vs Google Bard: A battle Between AI Bots
"ChatGPT gained one million users In less than a week and will continue to gain more in the future. Bard, a competitor to ChatGPT from Google, and AI search strategies compete with Microsoft." Have you also heard the talk of town i.e., Generative AI – ChatGPT and Google Bard? Today, in this blog, we will expose a tech battle between these two ChatGPT vs Google Bard AI chatbots. Competition heats up in the AI space.
Debt Rattle March 30 2023 - The Automatic Earth
Carried out the 2014 coup d'état in Ukraine The US is a state sponsor of terrorism https://t.co/CKykvqUa5U To be discussed tonight pic.twitter.com/kTf0ehwhbG This is one of the most disturbing videos I have ever seen. It confirms that the TGA knew back in Jan 2021 that the lipid nanoparticles (and the mRNA) didn't stay in the inject site, but spread throughout the entire body including the brain, the liver and female ovaries. Today, Democrats defeated my amendment to require Senate ratification for any pandemic agreement with the World Health Organization. Now we know Democrats are willing to relinquish U.S. sovereignty to a global entity. Jim lays it out very well. Renowned author and journalist James Howard Kunstler (JHK) has been complaining and pointing out that the American public is told one lie after another by the Lying Legacy Media (LLM), the government and the medical community. This kind of lying, according to JHK, is pure treason by all parties, from the 600 million CV19 bioweapon/vax injections, to the crumbling banking system, to the war in Ukraine. Let's start with the genocide of the CV19vax.
Generative AI Could Impact 300M Jobs, Goldman Sachs Predicts; Which Sectors Are Most At Risk?
Goldman Sachs has said generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems might disrupt the labor market and impact 300 million full-time jobs worldwide. The emergence of generative AI, known for its ability to produce text and other content based on users' requests, is marked by its popularity. It spawned from the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT, which quickly captured users' attention and prompted other tech companies to follow suit and launch their own AI systems. After scrutinizing occupational tasks data from the U.S. and Europe, Goldman Sachs analysts, in their research report,projected that approximately 300 million job positions worldwide could be vulnerable to automation, provided generative AI delivers on its promised capabilities. Around 66% of existing jobs face the possibility of being affected by artificial intelligence automation in varying degrees, analysts Joseph Briggs and Devesh Kodnani noted in the report.
Unified Text Structuralization with Instruction-tuned Language Models
Ni, Xuanfan, Li, Piji, Li, Huayang
Text structuralization is one of the important fields of natural language processing (NLP) consists of information extraction (IE) and structure formalization. However, current studies of text structuralization suffer from a shortage of manually annotated high-quality datasets from different domains and languages, which require specialized professional knowledge. In addition, most IE methods are designed for a specific type of structured data, e.g., entities, relations, and events, making them hard to generalize to others. In this work, we propose a simple and efficient approach to instruct large language model (LLM) to extract a variety of structures from texts. More concretely, we add a prefix and a suffix instruction to indicate the desired IE task and structure type, respectively, before feeding the text into a LLM. Experiments on two LLMs show that this approach can enable language models to perform comparable with other state-of-the-art methods on datasets of a variety of languages and knowledge, and can generalize to other IE sub-tasks via changing the content of instruction. Another benefit of our approach is that it can help researchers to build datasets in low-source and domain-specific scenarios, e.g., fields in finance and law, with low cost.
Why is the winner the best?
Eisenmann, Matthias, Reinke, Annika, Weru, Vivienn, Tizabi, Minu Dietlinde, Isensee, Fabian, Adler, Tim J., Ali, Sharib, Andrearczyk, Vincent, Aubreville, Marc, Baid, Ujjwal, Bakas, Spyridon, Balu, Niranjan, Bano, Sophia, Bernal, Jorge, Bodenstedt, Sebastian, Casella, Alessandro, Cheplygina, Veronika, Daum, Marie, de Bruijne, Marleen, Depeursinge, Adrien, Dorent, Reuben, Egger, Jan, Ellis, David G., Engelhardt, Sandy, Ganz, Melanie, Ghatwary, Noha, Girard, Gabriel, Godau, Patrick, Gupta, Anubha, Hansen, Lasse, Harada, Kanako, Heinrich, Mattias, Heller, Nicholas, Hering, Alessa, Huaulmé, Arnaud, Jannin, Pierre, Kavur, Ali Emre, Kodym, Oldřich, Kozubek, Michal, Li, Jianning, Li, Hongwei, Ma, Jun, Martín-Isla, Carlos, Menze, Bjoern, Noble, Alison, Oreiller, Valentin, Padoy, Nicolas, Pati, Sarthak, Payette, Kelly, Rädsch, Tim, Rafael-Patiño, Jonathan, Bawa, Vivek Singh, Speidel, Stefanie, Sudre, Carole H., van Wijnen, Kimberlin, Wagner, Martin, Wei, Donglai, Yamlahi, Amine, Yap, Moi Hoon, Yuan, Chun, Zenk, Maximilian, Zia, Aneeq, Zimmerer, David, Aydogan, Dogu Baran, Bhattarai, Binod, Bloch, Louise, Brüngel, Raphael, Cho, Jihoon, Choi, Chanyeol, Dou, Qi, Ezhov, Ivan, Friedrich, Christoph M., Fuller, Clifton, Gaire, Rebati Raman, Galdran, Adrian, Faura, Álvaro García, Grammatikopoulou, Maria, Hong, SeulGi, Jahanifar, Mostafa, Jang, Ikbeom, Kadkhodamohammadi, Abdolrahim, Kang, Inha, Kofler, Florian, Kondo, Satoshi, Kuijf, Hugo, Li, Mingxing, Luu, Minh Huan, Martinčič, Tomaž, Morais, Pedro, Naser, Mohamed A., Oliveira, Bruno, Owen, David, Pang, Subeen, Park, Jinah, Park, Sung-Hong, Płotka, Szymon, Puybareau, Elodie, Rajpoot, Nasir, Ryu, Kanghyun, Saeed, Numan, Shephard, Adam, Shi, Pengcheng, Štepec, Dejan, Subedi, Ronast, Tochon, Guillaume, Torres, Helena R., Urien, Helene, Vilaça, João L., Wahid, Kareem Abdul, Wang, Haojie, Wang, Jiacheng, Wang, Liansheng, Wang, Xiyue, Wiestler, Benedikt, Wodzinski, Marek, Xia, Fangfang, Xie, Juanying, Xiong, Zhiwei, Yang, Sen, Yang, Yanwu, Zhao, Zixuan, Maier-Hein, Klaus, Jäger, Paul F., Kopp-Schneider, Annette, Maier-Hein, Lena
International benchmarking competitions have become fundamental for the comparative performance assessment of image analysis methods. However, little attention has been given to investigating what can be learnt from these competitions. Do they really generate scientific progress? What are common and successful participation strategies? What makes a solution superior to a competing method? To address this gap in the literature, we performed a multi-center study with all 80 competitions that were conducted in the scope of IEEE ISBI 2021 and MICCAI 2021. Statistical analyses performed based on comprehensive descriptions of the submitted algorithms linked to their rank as well as the underlying participation strategies revealed common characteristics of winning solutions. These typically include the use of multi-task learning (63%) and/or multi-stage pipelines (61%), and a focus on augmentation (100%), image preprocessing (97%), data curation (79%), and postprocessing (66%). The "typical" lead of a winning team is a computer scientist with a doctoral degree, five years of experience in biomedical image analysis, and four years of experience in deep learning. Two core general development strategies stood out for highly-ranked teams: the reflection of the metrics in the method design and the focus on analyzing and handling failure cases. According to the organizers, 43% of the winning algorithms exceeded the state of the art but only 11% completely solved the respective domain problem. The insights of our study could help researchers (1) improve algorithm development strategies when approaching new problems, and (2) focus on open research questions revealed by this work.
Robust Multi-Agent Pickup and Delivery with Delays
Lodigiani, Giacomo, Basilico, Nicola, Amigoni, Francesco
Multi-Agent Pickup and Delivery (MAPD) is the problem of computing collision-free paths for a group of agents such that they can safely reach delivery locations from pickup ones. These locations are provided at runtime, making MAPD a combination between classical Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) and online task assignment. Current algorithms for MAPD do not consider many of the practical issues encountered in real applications: real agents often do not follow the planned paths perfectly, and may be subject to delays and failures. In this paper, we study the problem of MAPD with delays, and we present two solution approaches that provide robustness guarantees by planning paths that limit the effects of imperfect execution. In particular, we introduce two algorithms, k-TP and p-TP, both based on a decentralized algorithm typically used to solve MAPD, Token Passing (TP), which offer deterministic and probabilistic guarantees, respectively. Experimentally, we compare our algorithms against a version of TP enriched with online replanning. k-TP and p-TP provide robust solutions, significantly reducing the number of replans caused by delays, with little or no increase in solution cost and running time.
Deep neural operator for learning transient response of interpenetrating phase composites subject to dynamic loading
Lu, Minglei, Mohammadi, Ali, Meng, Zhaoxu, Meng, Xuhui, Li, Gang, Li, Zhen
Additive manufacturing has been recognized as an industrial technological revolution for manufacturing, which allows fabrication of materials with complex three-dimensional (3D) structures directly from computer-aided design models. The mechanical properties of interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs), especially response to dynamic loading, highly depend on their 3D structures. In general, for each specified structural design, it could take hours or days to perform either finite element analysis (FEA) or experiments to test the mechanical response of IPCs to a given dynamic load. To accelerate the physics-based prediction of mechanical properties of IPCs for various structural designs, we employ a deep neural operator (DNO) to learn the transient response of IPCs under dynamic loading as surrogate of physics-based FEA models. We consider a 3D IPC beam formed by two metals with a ratio of Young's modulus of 2.7, wherein random blocks of constituent materials are used to demonstrate the generality and robustness of the DNO model. To obtain FEA results of IPC properties, 5,000 random time-dependent strain loads generated by a Gaussian process kennel are applied to the 3D IPC beam, and the reaction forces and stress fields inside the IPC beam under various loading are collected. Subsequently, the DNO model is trained using an incremental learning method with sequence-to-sequence training implemented in JAX, leading to a 100X speedup compared to widely used vanilla deep operator network models. After an offline training, the DNO model can act as surrogate of physics-based FEA to predict the transient mechanical response in terms of reaction force and stress distribution of the IPCs to various strain loads in one second at an accuracy of 98%. Also, the learned operator is able to provide extended prediction of the IPC beam subject to longer random strain loads at a reasonably well accuracy.
NeuKron: Constant-Size Lossy Compression of Sparse Reorderable Matrices and Tensors
Kwon, Taehyung, Ko, Jihoon, Jung, Jinhong, Shin, Kijung
Many real-world data are naturally represented as a sparse reorderable matrix, whose rows and columns can be arbitrarily ordered (e.g., the adjacency matrix of a bipartite graph). Storing a sparse matrix in conventional ways requires an amount of space linear in the number of non-zeros, and lossy compression of sparse matrices (e.g., Truncated SVD) typically requires an amount of space linear in the number of rows and columns. In this work, we propose NeuKron for compressing a sparse reorderable matrix into a constant-size space. NeuKron generalizes Kronecker products using a recurrent neural network with a constant number of parameters. NeuKron updates the parameters so that a given matrix is approximated by the product and reorders the rows and columns of the matrix to facilitate the approximation. The updates take time linear in the number of non-zeros in the input matrix, and the approximation of each entry can be retrieved in logarithmic time. We also extend NeuKron to compress sparse reorderable tensors (e.g. multi-layer graphs), which generalize matrices. Through experiments on ten real-world datasets, we show that NeuKron is (a) Compact: requiring up to five orders of magnitude less space than its best competitor with similar approximation errors, (b) Accurate: giving up to 10x smaller approximation error than its best competitors with similar size outputs, and (c) Scalable: successfully compressing a matrix with over 230 million non-zero entries.
When Learning Is Out of Reach, Reset: Generalization in Autonomous Visuomotor Reinforcement Learning
Episodic training, where an agent's environment is reset after every success or failure, is the de facto standard when training embodied reinforcement learning (RL) agents. The underlying assumption that the environment can be easily reset is limiting both practically, as resets generally require human effort in the real world and can be computationally expensive in simulation, and philosophically, as we'd expect intelligent agents to be able to continuously learn without intervention. Work in learning without any resets, i.e{.} Reset-Free RL (RF-RL), is promising but is plagued by the problem of irreversible transitions (e.g{.} an object breaking) which halt learning. Moreover, the limited state diversity and instrument setup encountered during RF-RL means that works studying RF-RL largely do not require their models to generalize to new environments. In this work, we instead look to minimize, rather than completely eliminate, resets while building visual agents that can meaningfully generalize. As studying generalization has previously not been a focus of benchmarks designed for RF-RL, we propose a new Stretch Pick-and-Place benchmark designed for evaluating generalizations across goals, cosmetic variations, and structural changes. Moreover, towards building performant reset-minimizing RL agents, we propose unsupervised metrics to detect irreversible transitions and a single-policy training mechanism to enable generalization. Our proposed approach significantly outperforms prior episodic, reset-free, and reset-minimizing approaches achieving higher success rates with fewer resets in Stretch-P\&P and another popular RF-RL benchmark. Finally, we find that our proposed approach can dramatically reduce the number of resets required for training other embodied tasks, in particular for RoboTHOR ObjectNav we obtain higher success rates than episodic approaches using 99.97\% fewer resets.
DATID-3D: Diversity-Preserved Domain Adaptation Using Text-to-Image Diffusion for 3D Generative Model
Kim, Gwanghyun, Chun, Se Young
Recent 3D generative models have achieved remarkable performance in synthesizing high resolution photorealistic images with view consistency and detailed 3D shapes, but training them for diverse domains is challenging since it requires massive training images and their camera distribution information. Text-guided domain adaptation methods have shown impressive performance on converting the 2D generative model on one domain into the models on other domains with different styles by leveraging the CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training), rather than collecting massive datasets for those domains. However, one drawback of them is that the sample diversity in the original generative model is not well-preserved in the domain-adapted generative models due to the deterministic nature of the CLIP text encoder. Text-guided domain adaptation will be even more challenging for 3D generative models not only because of catastrophic diversity loss, but also because of inferior text-image correspondence and poor image quality. Here we propose DATID-3D, a domain adaptation method tailored for 3D generative models using text-to-image diffusion models that can synthesize diverse images per text prompt without collecting additional images and camera information for the target domain. Unlike 3D extensions of prior text-guided domain adaptation methods, our novel pipeline was able to fine-tune the state-of-the-art 3D generator of the source domain to synthesize high resolution, multi-view consistent images in text-guided targeted domains without additional data, outperforming the existing text-guided domain adaptation methods in diversity and text-image correspondence. Furthermore, we propose and demonstrate diverse 3D image manipulations such as one-shot instance-selected adaptation and single-view manipulated 3D reconstruction to fully enjoy diversity in text.