The benefits of AI for healthcare have been extensively discussed in the recent years up to the point of the possibility to replace human physicians with AI in the future. Both such discussions and…

This is a standard machine learning algorithm that uses supervised learning methods for classification, regression, and detection of outliers. They are used for protein classification, image segmentation and text categorization. A group of deep learning algorithms inspired by the nervous system. More precisely, they are inspired by a neuron organization in animal brains. They consist of units – artificial neurons that receive a signal from the previous layer, process it and send it to the next layer.

Despite the variety of applications of AI in the clinical studies and healthcare services, they fall into two major categories: analysis of structured data, including images, genes and biomarkers, and analysis of unstructured data, such as notes, medical journals or patients' surveys to complement the structured data. The former approach is fueled by Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms, while the latter rest on the specialized Natural Language Processing practices. ML algorithms chiefly extract features from data, such as patients' "traits" and medical outcomes of interest. For a long time, AI in healthcare was dominated by the logistic regression, the most simple and common algorithm when it is necessary to classify things. It was easy to use, quick to finish and easy to interpret.