Intelligent RAN automation applies artificial intelligence, machine learning, and advanced analytics to manage complex, ever changing network, device and end-user requirements for optimal efficiency. Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) is the function responsible for the management and orchestration of the managed elements under it's control. The RAN intelligent controller, or RIC, is a new end-to-end automation platform which manages and orchestrates software applications and algorithms that optimize network performance. There are two types of RIC, non-real-time and near-real-time. These software applications and algorithms can be developed by network vendors, communication service providers or specialist developers to automate and optimize network performance.