Knowledge and skills can transfer from human teachers to human students. However, such direct transfer is often not scalable for physical tasks, as they require one-to-one interaction, and human teachers are not available in sufficient numbers. Machine learning enables robots to become experts and play the role of teachers to help in this situation. In this work, we formalize cooperative robot teaching as a Markov game, consisting of four key elements: the target task, the student model, the teacher model, and the interactive teaching-learning process. Under a moderate assumption, the Markov game reduces to a partially observable Markov decision process, with an efficient approximate solution. We illustrate our approach on two cooperative tasks, one in a simulated video game and one with a real robot.

Advances in technologies have continued to play an important role in healthcare, manufacturing, communication, travel, and also in education. The use of simulation technologies has proven to be a worthy element in the educational sector. The use of robotics in the education environment has exhibited an increased value in everyday learning. Machine learning and artificial intelligence are considered integral aspects of the future learning environment across the globe. Assimilating human learning attributes into the field of robotics can enable robots to distribute the integrated knowledge to students studying in colleges or universities.

Teachers may soon be able to lecture pupils, view their work and help them with any problems without ever stepping foot in the classroom. A school in Columbus Ohio has introduced a new robo-teacher into its classrooms to allow staff in other parts of the country to teach their pupils. The 4ft (1.2 metre) tall robot features a screen that broadcasts a video of the teacher's face and a camera allows the teacher to see what is going on in the classroom. A school in Columbus Ohio has introduced a new robo-teacher into its classrooms to allow staff in other parts of the country to teach their pupils. The 4ft (1.2 metre) tall robot features a screen that broadcasts a video of the teacher's face and a camera allows the teacher to see what is going on in the classroom Thomas Fetch, a social studies teacher at Nexus Academy of Columbus is one of the first to trial the robot, controlling it from his computer more than 1,600 miles (2,570km) away in Arizona.

If you thought your English teacher was a robotic bore, spare a thought for kids in South Korea. They're being taught by real robots. The city of Daegu introduced 29 robot teachers in 19 elementary schools as part of a large-scale project to robotize teaching. The ambitious effort envisioned robots in all 8,400 kindergartens in Korea by 2013. Kids at Hakjung Elementary School seemed thrilled to interact with robots like the globular Engkey (above and in the vid below).

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