A report published last year has noted that most attacks against artificial intelligence (AI) systems are focused on manipulating them (e.g., influencing recommendation systems to favor specific content), but that new attacks using machine learning (ML) are within attackers' capabilities. Microsoft now says that attacks on machine learning (ML) systems are on the uptick and MITRE notes that, in the last three years, "major companies such as Google, Amazon, Microsoft, and Tesla, have had their ML systems tricked, evaded, or misled." At the same time, most businesses don't have the right tools in place to secure their ML systems and are looking for guidance. Experts at Microsoft, MITRE, IBM, NVIDIA, the University of Toronto, the Berryville Institute of Machine Learning and several other companies and educational organizations have therefore decided to create the first version of the Adversarial ML Threat Matrix, to help security analysts detect and respond to this new type of threat. Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI).