Language models still struggle on moral reasoning, despite their impressive performance in many other tasks. In particular, the Moral Scenarios task in MMLU (Multi-task Language Understanding) is among the worst performing tasks for many language models, including GPT-3. In this work, we propose a new prompting framework, Thought Experiments, to teach language models to do better moral reasoning using counterfactuals. Experiment results show that our framework elicits counterfactual questions and answers from the model, which in turn helps improve the accuracy on Moral Scenarios task by 9-16% compared to other zero-shot baselines. Interestingly, unlike math reasoning tasks, zero-shot Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning doesn't work out of the box, and even reduces accuracy by around 4% compared to direct zero-shot. We further observed that with minimal human supervision in the form of 5 few-shot examples, the accuracy of the task can be improved to as much as 80%.

WE have seen that AI, like any new technology only perhaps more so, brings with it a whole new raft of moral considerations that may easily seem unsurmountable. For AI computer systems have no conscience, and so the morality of any decisions they make will reflect the morality of the computer programmers - and that is where the difficulties start. How can we be sure that the programmers will build in a morality that is benevolent and humane? Rosalind Picard, director of the Affective Computing Group at MIT, puts it succinctly: "The greater the freedom of a machine, the more it will need moral standards." Political scientist and author of The End of History Francis Fukuyama regards transhumanism as "the world's most dangerous idea" in that it runs the risk of affecting human rights.

Moral standards of human interaction with artificial intelligence should be drawn up, Russian President Vladimir Putin said at the AI Journey conference in Moscow on Saturday. "Discussion is currently underway on social aspects and implications of the use of artificial intelligence. It is a very important issue," the Russian president said. "I suggest that the professional community and companies should contemplate drawing up a set of moral rules for interaction between humans and artificial intelligence," he said recalling that "human beings are the highest value." "Technology must not be invented for the sake of technology," he stressed. "Our main goal is sustainable and harmonious development, a higher life quality and new opportunities for citizens."

There is little debate that there are huge benefits and risks to AI, both for agencies and their clients. Instead, industry discussions have now turned toward how to maintain the balance: embracing the day-to-day convenience machine intelligence can provide, while at the same time, walking the thin line of fear that society still feels for any kind of artificial intelligence. This unknown is the source of widespread industry debate, generating countless misconceptions along the way, the biggest of which is that AI is ready to replace humans to perform very complex tasks like UX or UI design. This is compounded by Adobe's recent launch of numerous AI-driven design and development tools. However, agencies have nothing to worry about yet and there a few important reasons why.

We wouldn't trust a doctor employed by a tobacco company. We wouldn't let the automobile industry set vehicle-emissions limits. We wouldn't want an arms maker to write the rules of warfare. But right now, we are letting tech companies shape the ethical development of AI. In an attempt to help shape the future of AI, in October 2017, DeepMind, the world-leading AI company acquired by Google in 2014, launched a new ethics board "to help technologists put ethics into practice, and to help society anticipate and direct the impact of AI so that it works for the benefit of all."

In the future according to robotics researchers, robots will likely fight our wars, care for our elderly, babysit our children, and serve and entertain us in a wide variety of situations. But as robotic development continues to grow, one subfield of robotics research is lagging behind other areas: roboethics, or ensuring that robot behavior adheres to certain moral standards. In a new paper that provides a broad overview of ethical behavior in robots, researchers emphasize the importance of being proactive rather than reactive in this area. The authors, Ronald Craig Arkin, Regents' Professor and Director of the Mobile Robot Laboratory at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia, along with researchers Patrick Ulam and Alan R. Wagner, have published their overview of moral decision making in autonomous systems in a recent issue of the Proceedings of the IEEE. "Probably at the highest level, the most important message is that people need to start to think and talk about these issues, and some are more pressing than others," Arkin told PhysOrg.com.

The present study explores a method to reduce abusive worker behavior on Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT), namely reminding workers of moral standards. We manipulated workers’ awareness of moral standards via the presence or the absence of an honesty statement in a survey. The results showed that the honesty statement significantly improved workers’ performance during the first half of the survey. This suggests that a moral reminder is a simple and efficient way to reduce abusive worker behavior in a relatively short survey on AMT.