The advent of generative AI, which includes chatbots such as OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Bard, has triggered concern that the technology could replace jobs, leading governments around the world to scramble to understand AI tools and respond. Prominent AI companies say they welcome regulation but have also lobbied against some approaches, saying strict laws could stifle the tech's development. There are also signs that consumer usage of generative AI tools is slowing, raising questions of how long the boom will last.

Europol has announced the development of a new AI accountability framework designed to guide the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools by security practitioners. The move represents a major milestone in the Accountability Principles for Artificial Intelligence (AP4AI) project, which aims to create a practical toolkit that can directly support AI accountability when used in the internal security domain. The "world-first" framework was developed in consultation with experts from 28 countries, representing law enforcement officials, lawyers and prosecutors, data protection and fundamental rights experts, as well as technical and industry experts. The initiative began in 2021 amid growing interest in and use of AI in security, both by internal cybersecurity teams and law enforcement agencies to tackle cybercrime and other offenses. Research conducted by the AP4AI demonstrated significant public support for this approach; in a survey of more than 5500 citizens across 30 countries, 87% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that AI should be used to protect children and vulnerable groups and to investigate criminals and criminal organizations.