Artificial intelligence could play a critical role in all phases of disaster resilience, according to "Into the Storm: Using Artificial Intelligence to Improve California's Disaster Resilience," an issue brief the Partnership released with Microsoft in early July. The brief explores the AI tools governments can use for disaster resilience and highlights how agencies are using AI technologies in the field. Considering that the Federal Emergency Management Agency has declared 27 major disasters across the United States in 2020 so far--not including those related to the COVID-19 pandemic--government officials need to think through how they can strengthen their ability to prepare for, respond to and recover from these shocks. Disasters put lives and livelihoods at risk, and governments at all levels--federal, state and local--must seek the best tools available to tackle the complex challenges involved and protect lives. At a release event held in July, Bijan Karimi, assistant deputy director for emergency services at the San Francisco Department of Emergency Management, and Stuart McKee, chief technology officer for state and local government at Microsoft, discussed basic principles disaster resilience officials should keep in mind when considering the use of AI.

NASA-funded researchers applied artificial intelligence to Facebook user location data captured as two fires wrecked northern California in 2018 and gained new insight into people's evacuation movements and behaviors when disaster strikes, which could strengthen future response. The Defense Innovation Unit and Carnegie Mellon University's Software Engineering Institute are collectively crafting datasets to teach AI tools to assess buildings and structures after natural crises occur, and ultimately augment and increase the accuracy of damage estimates. These are two of many examples detailed in a new report from the Partnership for Public Service and Microsoft that explores how the maturing technology can improve disaster resilience and response, and considerations and actions governments should pursue when adopting AI to boost preparedness, recovery and relief. The report suggests agencies improve data collection and access, make proactive instead of reactive moves, collaborate with other organizations--and more. "While some governments, companies and universities have already used AI in this field, most are still in the early stages of use," officials wrote in the report.

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To prepare the most effective response, public-sector professionals need the most up-to-date information on hurricanes, tornados, earthquakes or tsunamis affecting their operations, assets, employees and, more broadly, the local communities they serve. While responder agencies rely on many different sources for information on the status of natural disasters, they continue to face challenges in finding timely, relevant and accurate information to inform their disaster response plans -- in real time and at scale. What if there was a better way for the emergency responders to stay informed of breaking events? During a disaster, those impacted often turn to their mobile phones for information and as a lifeline to the outside world. In addition to using social media to request help, victims also share updates, pictures and videos of live developments at their locations.

Patrick Meier (center, in cap) flies a drone in Nepal after the earthquake in 2015. Meier and his team were able to to capture detailed images of damage around the capital, Kathmandu. He believes using this technology will make crisis mapping even more effective for disaster response. Patrick Meier (center, in cap) flies a drone in Nepal after the earthquake in 2015. Meier and his team were able to to capture detailed images of damage around the capital, Kathmandu. He believes using this technology will make crisis mapping even more effective for disaster response.