Dealers' position in the trading network is shown to have a significant impact on asset prices. 1 However, it remains challenging to account for the structure of trading networks during the estimation of dealer and asset features' impact on asset prices. Structural approaches usually rely on specific network structures to reduce complexity in estimation (e.g. Pint er and Usl u, 2022; Eisfeldt et al., 2023; Cohen et al., 2024), which limits the accuracy and generalizability of the estimation method. Reduced-form approach uses centrality measures to capture dealers' position in the network(e.g. Di Maggio et al., 2017; Hollifield et al., 2017; Li and Sch urhoff, 2019), but recent papers point out linear regressions with centrality measures can lead to biased estimation when the network is sparse (Cai, 2022).

I have a confession to make--I'm a back-seat driver! When sitting in a taxi, I can't help but grumble when the ride isn't smooth, or the driver chooses the slowest lane of traffic. I have to fight the urge to take control. When it comes to shopping, I passively accept what is offered for sale. But my wife, who grew up in Asia where haggling is part of the culture, is different.

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International diplomacy has traditionally relied on bargaining power, covert channels of communication and personal chemistry between leaders. But a new era is upon us in which the dispassionate insights of AI algorithms and mathematical techniques such as game theory will play a growing role in deals struck between nations, according to the co-founder of the world's first centre for science in diplomacy. Michael Ambühl, a professor of negotiation and conflict management and former chief Swiss-EU negotiator, said recent advances in AI and machine learning mean that these technologies now have a meaningful part to play in international diplomacy, including at the Cop26 summit starting later this month and in post-Brexit deals on trade and immigration. "These technologies are partially already used and it will be the intention to use them more," said Ambühl. "Everything around data science, artificial intelligence, machine learning … we want to see how can it be made beneficial for multilateral or bilateral diplomacy."

When Kroger customers in Cincinnati shop online these days, their groceries may be picked out not by a worker in their local supermarket but by a robot in a nearby warehouse. Gamers at Dave & Buster's in Dallas who want pretzel dogs can order and pay from their phones -- no need to flag down a waiter. And in the drive-through lane at Checkers near Atlanta, requests for Big Buford burgers and Mother Cruncher chicken sandwiches may be fielded not by a cashier in a headset, but by a voice-recognition algorithm. An increase in automation, especially in service industries, may prove to be an economic legacy of the pandemic. Businesses from factories to fast-food outlets to hotels turned to technology last year to keep operations running amid social distancing requirements and contagion fears.

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The global artificial intelligence market size is expected to reach $169,411.8 million in 2025, from $4,065.0 million in 2016 growing at a CAGR of 55.6% from 2018 to 2025. Artificial intelligence has been one of the fastest-growing technologies in recent years. AI is associated to human intelligence with similar characteristics such as language understanding, reasoning, learning, problem solving, and others. AI is positioned at the core of the next gen software technologies in the market. The report focuses on the growth prospects, restraints, and artificial intelligence market trends. The rise in number of innovative start-ups and advancements in technology have led to increase in investment in artificial intelligence technologies.

Robots are taking wages from American workers. A new study from the Federal Reserve Bank has found that the portion of national income give to human employees has dramatically decreased as automation continues to increase. The study suggests that employees that employees feel they have lost their bargaining power when it comes to asking for a raise out of fear they may be replaced by a robot. A new study from the Federal Reserve Bank has found that the portion of national income has dramatically decreased as automation continues to increase. 'Businesses have more options to automate hard-to-fill positions now than in the past,' the study authors write.

Technology has been blamed for a lot recently. Automation and artificial intelligence have supposedly led to substantial job losses, reduced bargaining power for workers and increased discrimination. It is even blamed for growing income and wealth inequality and, as a result, the presidency of Donald Trump, Brexit, the rise of far-right populism in Europe and the spectre of climate change. In response, calls are being made for global oversight and regulation of technology and there are attempts to slow down its spread through protectionist trade policies and political lobbying. But perhaps we should be careful about so readily blaming technological innovation for these social problems.

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