Every human will interact with artificial intelligence (AI) in the visible future, directly or indirectly, some for creating products and services, some for research, some for government, some for education, and many for consumption. It is globally acknowledged that the vast majority of people are not sufficiently aware of AI technologies and their potential impacts, and are therefore unprepared for facing the emerging AI wave. This raises critical and urgent questions: Can AI affect human intelligence (HI) adversely? What are the immediate and long-term risks created by AI for HI? How can we develop human performance-supportive AI management policies? What is the role of AI education in preparing humans for interactions with AI? These are open research questions of immense importance and urgency. The critical difference between past scientific industrial revolutions and the current AI spearheaded transformation is that past revolutions replaced human muscle power, while AI has the potential to replace HI in many areas.Even as the information age augmented human information storage and processing capabilities, it created a massive need for higher human intelligence capabilities such as logic and problem-solving. Current artificial intelligences (‘AIs’, i.e., specific AI applications such as computer vision, adaptive systems, and natural language processing) can solve complex logical problems and perform better than human intelligences in many defined scenarios. A McKinsey ...