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 accuracy and performance


Multi-Site Clinical Federated Learning using Recursive and Attentive Models and NVFlare

Yun, Won Joon, Kim, Samuel, Kim, Joongheon

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

The prodigious growth of digital health data has precipitated a mounting interest in harnessing machine learning methodologies, such as natural language processing (NLP), to scrutinize medical records, clinical notes, and other text-based health information. Although NLP techniques have exhibited substantial potential in augmenting patient care and informing clinical decision-making, data privacy and adherence to regulations persist as critical concerns. Federated learning (FL) emerges as a viable solution, empowering multiple organizations to train machine learning models collaboratively without disseminating raw data. This paper proffers a pragmatic approach to medical NLP by amalgamating FL, NLP models, and the NVFlare framework, developed by NVIDIA. We introduce two exemplary NLP models, the Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM)-based model and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), which have demonstrated exceptional performance in comprehending context and semantics within medical data. This paper encompasses the development of an integrated framework that addresses data privacy and regulatory compliance challenges while maintaining elevated accuracy and performance, incorporating BERT pretraining, and comprehensively substantiating the efficacy of the proposed approach.


New Tools Suite to Optimizes AD and ADAS AI Software for High Accuracy Object Recognition in R-Car SoCs

#artificialintelligence

Renesas Electronics Corporation and Fixstars Corporation, today announced the joint development of a suite of tools that allows optimization and fast simulation of software for autonomous driving (AD) systems and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) specifically designed for the R-Car system-on-chip (SoC) devices from Renesas. These tools make it possible to rapidly develop network models with highly accurate object recognition from the initial stage of software development that take advantage of the performance of the R-Car. This reduces post-development rework and thereby helps shorten development cycles. Today's AD and ADAS applications use deep learning to achieve highly accurate object recognition. Deep learning inference processing requires massive amounts of data calculations and memory capacity.


In Data We Trust: Data Centric AI - KDnuggets

#artificialintelligence

In 2012, Authors Björn Bloching, Lars Luck, and Thomas Ramge published In Data We Trust: How Customer Data is Revolutionising Our Economy. The book goes into detail about how a lot of companies have all the information they need at their fingertips. Companies no longer need to make decisions based on their gut feeling and the market, they can use streams of data to give them a better understanding of what the future looks like and what their next move should be. As the world of data, in particular, Artificial Intelligence continues to grow - more and more people are skeptical. Some may say that the use of data and autonomous features have improved our day-to-day lives.


Technical Perspective: Finding the Sweet Spot Amid Accuracy and Performance

Communications of the ACM

The field of transportation and logistics has witnessed fundamental transformations in the last decade, due to the convergence of seemingly unrelated technologies. The fast pace of innovations has been particularly striking for an industry that had been relatively stagnant for a long time. Taxi services were born in England where a public coach service for hire was first documented in 1605. The Hackney Carriage Act, which legalized horse-drawn carriages for hire, was passed in Parliament in 1635, and a similar service was started in Paris in 1637. Public transit was invented by Blaise Pascal in 1662 through a service known as the "carriage," which was quite popular and operated for 15 years.


Deploy AI workloads with confidence using OpenVINO – Blocks and Files

#artificialintelligence

Sponsored Artificial Intelligence techniques have been finding their way into business applications for some time now. From chatbots forming the first line of engagement in customer services, to image recognition systems that can identify defects in products before they reach the end of the production line in a factory. But many organisations are still stuck at where to start in building machine-learning and deep-learning models and taking them all the way from development through to deployment. Another complication is how to deploy a model onto a different system than the one that was used to train it. Especially for situations such as edge deployments, where less compute power is available than in a datacentre.


Mitigating Bias in Machine Learning: An introduction to MLFairnessPipeline

#artificialintelligence

Bias takes many different forms and impact all groups of people. It can range from implicit to explicit and is often very difficult to detect. In the field of machine learning bias is often subtle and hard to identify, let alone solve. Why is this a problem? Implicit bias in machine learning has very real consequences including denial of a loan, a lengthier prison sentence, and many other harmful outcomes for underprivileged groups.


Hierarchical Block Sparse Neural Networks

Vooturi, Dharma Teja, Mudigree, Dheevatsa, Avancha, Sasikanth

arXiv.org Machine Learning

Sparse deep neural networks(DNNs) are efficient in both memory and compute when compared to dense DNNs. But due to irregularity in computation of sparse DNNs, their efficiencies are much lower than that of dense DNNs on general purpose hardwares. This leads to poor/no performance benefits for sparse DNNs. Performance issue for sparse DNNs can be alleviated by bringing structure to the sparsity and leveraging it for improving runtime efficiency. But such structural constraints often lead to sparse models with suboptimal accuracies. In this work, we jointly address both accuracy and performance of sparse DNNs using our proposed class of neural networks called HBsNN ( Hierarchical Block Sparse Neural Networks).


AI applications that are human-centred, unbiased, fair

#artificialintelligence

Even fairly cautious predictions suggest that artificial intelligence, or AI, will reshape our workforces, redesign business processes and give rise to new services in a way that we are only starting to imagine. At Accenture, we believe the societal impact of AI will be huge, but if deployed responsibly, it will be overwhelmingly beneficial, too. The core of responsible AI is a recognition by businesses, governments and technology leaders that with the benefits of AI comes a duty of care to manage any adverse consequence. Economic growth is, of course, an end goal of AI, but it must be done in such a way as to empower humans and ensure communities thrive. To meet this objective, transparency is critical and AI must comply fully with all relevant regulations in the locations it is deployed.


A Novel Method For Speech Segmentation Based On Speakers' Characteristics

Abdolali, Behrouz, Sameti, Hossein

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Speech Segmentation is the process change point detection for partitioning an input audio stream into regions each of which corresponds to only one audio source or one speaker. One application of this system is in Speaker Diarization systems. There are several methods for speaker segmentation; however, most of the Speaker Diarization Systems use BIC-based Segmentation methods. The main goal of this paper is to propose a new method for speaker segmentation with higher speed than the current methods - e.g. BIC - and acceptable accuracy. Our proposed method is based on the pitch frequency of the speech. The accuracy of this method is similar to the accuracy of common speaker segmentation methods. However, its computation cost is much less than theirs. We show that our method is about 2.4 times faster than the BIC-based method, while the average accuracy of pitch-based method is slightly higher than that of the BIC-based method.