This language must satisfy minimal criteria, as follows.

TINLAP-2, 25-32.

CACM, 21, 1025–1039.

"Computing can change our ways of thinking about many things, mathematics, biology, engineering, administrative procedures, and many more. But my main concern is that it can change our thinking about ourselves: giving us new models, metaphors, and other thinking tools to aid our efforts to fathom the mysteries of the human mind and heart. The new discipline of Artificial Intelligence is the branch of computing most directly concerned with this revolution. By giving us new, deeper, insights into some of our inner processes, it changes our thinking about ourselves. It therefore changes some of our inner processes, and so changes what we are, like all social, technological and intellectual revolutions." This book, published in 1978 by Harvester Press and Humanities Press, has been out of print for many years, and is now online, produced from a scanned in copy of the original, digitised by OCR software and made available in September 2001. Since then a number of notes and corrections have been added. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.

Retrospective on lessons learned from the Dendral project."The DENDRAL and Meta-DENDRAL programs are products of a large, interdisciplinary group of Stanford University scientists concerned with many and highly varied aspects of the mechanization of scientific reasoning and the formalization of scientific knowledge for this purpose. An early motivation for our wok was to explore the power of existing Al methods, such as heuristic search, for reasoning in difficult scientific problems. Another concern has been to exploit the AI methodology to understand better some fundamental questions in the philosophy of science, for example the processes by which explanatory hypotheses are discovered or judged adequate. From the start, the project has had an applications dimension. It has sought to develop "expert level" agents to assist in the solution of problems in their discipline that require complex symbolic reasoning. The applications dimension is the focus of this paper."Artificial Intelligence 11 (1-2): 5-24

In Gallaire, H. and Minker, J. (Eds.), Logic and Data Bases, pp. 293-322. Plenum.

Tech. Rep. 118, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto.

Artificial Intelligence, vol. 9, pp. 287-306.

Lingua, vol. 44, pp. 311-338. Also in Readings in Natural Language Processing, B. Grosz, K. Sparck-Jones, and B. Webber, editors, pp. 339-352, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Los Altos, California.

In Waterman and Hayes-Roth, 177-199.