In Fogelman Souli´e, F. and H´erault, J. (Eds.), Neurocomputing: Algorithms, Architectures and Applications. Springer-Verlag.

Computational Linguistics 169(2):79–85

Scientific American, 262, 26–31

In Proc. Workshop on Algorithmic Learning Theory, pp. 368–381.

Wiley

"Chunking, a simple experience-based learning mechanism, is Soar's only learning mechanism. Chunking creates new items of information, called chunks, based on the results of problem-solving and stores them in the knowledge base. These chunks are accessed and used in appropriate later situations to avoid the problem-solving required to determine them. It is already well-established that chunking improves performance in Soar when viewed in terms of the subproblems required and the number of steps within a subproblem. However, despite the reduction in number of steps, sometimes there may be a severe degradation in the total run time. This problem arises due to expensive chunks, i.e., chunks that require a large amount of effort in accessing them from the knowledge base. They pose a major problem for Soar, since in their presence, no guarantees can be given about Soar's performance.In this article, we establish that expensive chunks exist and analyze their causes. We use this analysis to propose a solution for expensive chunks. The solution is based on the notion of restricting the expressiveness of the representational language to guarantee that the chunks formed will require only a limited amount of accessing effort. We analyze the tradeoffs involved in restricting expressiveness and present some empirical evidence to support our analysis."Machine Learning, 5, 299-348.

Computer Speech and Language, 4, 35–56.

Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 6 (1-2), 35-48.

Computational Intelligence, 6, 12–24

Full text available for a fee. This book is a practical guide to classification learning systems and their applications. These computer programs learn from sample data and make predictions for new cases, sometimes exceeding the performance of humans. Practical learning systems from statistical pattern recognition, neural networks, and machine learning are presented. The authors examine prominent methods from each area, using an engineering approach and taking the practitioner's viewpoint. Intuitive explanations with a minimum of mathematics make the material accessible to anyone--regardless of experience or special interests. The underlying concepts of the learning methods are discussed with fully worked-out examples: their strengths and weaknesses, and the estimation of their future performance on specific applications. Throughout, the authors offer their own recommendations for selecting and applying learning methods such as linear discriminants, back-propagation neural networks, or decision trees. Learning systems are then contrasted with their rule-based counterparts from expert systems.Morgan Kaufmann, 1990