THE AI MAGAZINE Summer, 1986 55 building one of the first stored-program digital computers, AI also had its share of controversy, however, at Rand the JOHNNIAC (see Figure 1) (Gruenberger, 1968);l and elsewhere. Given its quick rise to popularity and its George Dantzig and his associates were inventing linear ambitious predictions (Simon & Newell, 1958), AI soon programming (Dantzig, 1963); Les Ford and Ray Fulkerson had its critics, and one of the most prominent, Hubert were developing techniques for network flow analysis Dreyfus, published his famous critique of AI (Dreyfus, (Ford & Fulkerson, 1962); Richard Bellman was developing 1965) while he was consulting at Rand. In addition, the his ideas on dynamic programming (Bellman, 1953); early promise of automatic machine translation of text Herman Kahn was advancing techniques for Monte Carlo from one language to another (the emphasis at Rand was simulation (Kahn, 1955); Lloyd Shapley was revolutionizing on translation from Russian to English) produced only game theory (Shapley, 1951-1960); Stephen Kleene was modest systems, and the goal of fully automated machine advancing our understanding of finite automata (Kleene, translation was abandoned in the early 1960s.

The interpretation of images of postal mail pieces is The Vision Group the domain of this investigation. Our efforts have included It is becoming increasingly important for vision researchers the development of various operators for visual data processing in diverse fields to interact, and the Vision Group at SUNY and image segmentation. The invocation of these Buffalo was formed to facilitate that interaction Current routines and the interpretation of the information they return membership includes 25 faculty and 25 students from 10 is determined by a control structure that uses a variant departments (computer science, electrical and computer of relaxation combined with a rule-based methodology.

Conference-AAAI-84, paid in 1985 (6.870)

The third approach left the technology codes untouched and built a procedural program that initiated separate, independent processes consisting of the technology codes communicating through a common database. This was better because the technology organizations continued to maintain technical and managerial control over their codes. The rigid procedural integration program was still unacceptably costly to modify, requiring a flow time of approximately six weeks. However, it did provide a prototype and baseline for the knowledge system.

Author-title index to volume six of "AI Magazine

He then proved that In addition, I noticed that John McCarthy was snapping network representations (such as that of the brain) cannot freely with his camera at the workshop. He may have some possibly exhibit intelligence-tapes, as in Turing Machines, amusing illustrations of the unlikely events rec0rded.l

Research and applications work in AI is being conducted by several groups at Johnson Space Center (JSC). These are primarily independent groups that interact with each other on an informal basis. In the Research and Engineering Directorate, these groups include (1) the Artificial Intelligence and Information Sciences Office, (2) the Simulation and Avionics Integration Division, (3) the Avionics Systems Division (ASD), and (4) the Tracking and Communications Division. In the Space Operations Directorate, these groups include (1) the Mission Planning and Analysis Division - Technology Development and Applications Branch, (2) the Spacecraft Software Division, and (3) the Systems Division-Systems Support Section. The first part of the article describes the AI work in Research and Engineering Directorate. The second part of the article, to be published in the Conference edition of the AI Magazine, describes the AI work in the Space Operations Directorate

This article presents a summary of past and current artificial intelligence research within the Computer Science Department at East Texas State University (ETSU). The Computer Science Department at ETSU offers a master of science degree with an emphasis in artificial intelligence. AI research, both past and present, has been funded by a grant from E-Systems, Greenville Division. AI research projects thus far have been implemented in Domain LISP on an Apollo DN300 computer system provided by E-Systems. Other computing facilities available for artificial intelligence research are four workstations, each providing up to 20 users with LISP and PROLOG interpreters. Involved in the research are faculty and students at ETSU and personnel from E-Systems.

AI Magazine Volume 7 Number 1 (1986) ( AAAI) of the crucial terms involved in his analysis, such as "probability" Mauadne 4(4):7-14 falsity of his claims is often impossible to assess. Nute, Donald k. '(1980) Topics in conditional logic Dordrecht, Holland: conceptions upon which his view is based do indeed conform M. Ringle, (Ed.), Philosophical Perspectives in Artificial Intelligence traditional conceptions should not be taken for granted, Terry L. Rankin his observation that "Probability theory is today our primary At hens, Georgia such as "average" and "likely," and therefore it is the most natural language for describing those aspects of (heuristic) performance that we seek to improve" (p. Artificial Intelligence and Robotics: On general theoretical grounds, I think, there are excellent Five Overviews. Busi-reasons to suppose that (a)-(f) are fundamental ness/Technology Books; 1984. Gevarter's work was published by the National that serious difficulties seem to confront the theoretical Bureau of Standards as a set of five volumes, and this book, framework he apparently endorses, where these difficulties published by Business/Technology Books, is Gevarter's are especially severe from an epistemological perspective.

Twenty-five years ago I had a dream, a daydream, if you will. A dream shared with many of you. I dreamed of a special kind of computer, which had eyes and ears and arms and legs, in addition to its "brain." I did not dream that this new computer friend would be a means of making money for me or my employer or a help for my country - though I loved my country then and still do, and I have no objection to making money. I did not even dream of such a worthy cause as helping the poor and handicapped of the world using this marvelous new machine. No, my dream was filled with the wild excitement of seeing a machine act like a human being, at least in many ways.