This technology was developed with funding from the National Sony, the Japanese consumer electronics Science Foundation. Working with experts from Armco Steel (Middletown, company, has developed OH), Carnegie Group developed a prototype system to diagnose an intelligent system to improve chatter in a coldrolling mill. In the and consulting company, has developed a PCbased virtual reality system company's semiconductor group, to provide financial planners a visual metaphor for viewing large The system allows the user to "fly" over the The expert system is installed in Meiji's Tokyo service two-thirds. With Domain Dynamics Ltd. (Windsor, England) has developed a PCbased the system, technical support neural network application to automate the recognition of data from the Currently available in days to solve with a text retrieval the form of two circuit boards, TESPAR (which stands for Time Encoded system now take just afew minutes. Signal Processing and Recognition) is capable of being converted to a single piece of silicon.

Another issue concerned The survey of 80 KBS developers in Knowledge-Based Systems, Marc Ayel structural validation of KBS, given financial domains by Daniel O'Leary and Jean-Pierre Laurent, eds., John that the architecture of these systems opens the collection and raises some Wiley and Sons, Chichester, England, (having separate knowledge base and interesting points. VVT is revealed to 1991, 219 pp., $49.95, ISBN 0-471- inference engine components) was be a significant concern, with developers 93018-0 (paper). Testing his volume contains a selection First European Workshop on studies were launched to determine with real and contrived test cases was Verification, Validation, and Test of the applicability of software engineering found to account for about half the Knowledge-Based Systems, held evaluation techniques to overall VVT effort on average, with during the 1990 European Conference KBSs and to develop new techniques direct inspection of the knowledge on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI specific to KBSs. Several such studies base accounting for another 30 percent 90) in Stockholm, Sweden. In reviewing were initiated by organizations that in the survey.

Books in the Innovative Applications of Artificial for the documents they want.

Letters to the Editor

In Memorium

The following excerpts are from an interview with Marvin Minsky which took place at his home in Brookline, Massachusetts, on January 23rd, 1991. The interview, which is included in its entirety as a Foreword in the book Understanding Music with AI: Perspectives on Music Cognition (edited by Mira Balaban, Kemal Ebcioglu, and Otto Laske), is a conversation about music, its peculiar features as a human activity, the special problems it poses for the scientist, and the suitability of AI methods for clarifying and/or solving some of these problems. The conversation is open-ended, and should be read accordingly, as a discourse to be continued at another time.

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence held its 1992 Spring Symposium Series on March 25-27 at Stanford University, Stanford, California. This article contains a summary of the symposia that were conducted: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Cognitive Aspects of Knowledge Acquisition, Computational Considerations in Supporting Incremental Modification and Reuse, Knowledge Assimilation, Practical Approaches to Scheduling and Planning, Producing Cooperative Explanations, Propositional Knowledge Representation, Selective Perception, and Reasoning with Diagrammatic Representations.

Industrial managers, engineers, and technologists have many expectations from artificial intelligence and its application to knowledge-based systems. Although the past decade has witnessed a number of innovative applications of AI in manufacturing, the field is still in its infancy and holds even greater promise for the future. The AAAI Press book Artificial Intelligence Applications in Manufacturing, (from which the following article was selected) presents a number of articles that relate to the enhancement of planning and decision making capabilities in today's automated production environments.

After a decade of fundamental interdisciplinary research in machine learning, the spadework in this field has been done; the 1990s should see the widespread exploitation of knowledge discovery as an aid to assembling knowledge bases. The contributors to the AAAI Press book Knowledge Discovery in Databases were excited at the potential benefits of this research. The editors hope that some of this excitement will communicate itself to "AI Magazine readers of this article.

The Second International Workshop on Human and Machine Cognition was held on 9-11 May 1991. Participation was limited to 40 researchers who are principally involved in computer science, philosophy, and psychology. The workshop focused on the foundational and methodological concerns of those who want to forge a robust and scientifically respectable AI and cognitive science. The debate between the traditional AI and the situated cognition types and the connnectionists was a focal point for discussion during the workshop.