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And if a technology incubator program in Toronto, Canada has its way, there may even be quantum machine learning startup companies launching in a few years too. Research in this hybrid field today concentrates on either using nascent quantum computers to speed up machine learning algorithms or, using conventional machine learning systems, to increase the power, durability, or effectiveness of quantum computer systems. An ultimate goal in the field is to do both -- use smaller quantum-computer-based machine learning systems to better improve, understand, or interpret large datasets of quantum information or the results of large-scale quantum computer calculations. Still, says Wittek, despite the technical objections, the number of applicants to this year's quantum machine learning bootcamp and startup accelerator in Toronto exceeded expectations.