The Download: peering inside an LLM, and the rise of Signal

April 2024 As the number of satellites in space grows, and as we rely on them for increasing numbers of vital tasks on Earth, the need to better predict stormy space weather is becoming more and more urgent. Scientists have long known that solar activity can change the density of the upper atmosphere. But it's incredibly difficult to precisely predict the sorts of density changes that a given amount of solar activity would produce. Now, experts are working on a model of the upper atmosphere to help scientists to improve their models of how solar activity affects the environment in low Earth orbit. If they succeed, they'll be able to keep satellites safe even amid turbulent space weather, reducing the risk of potentially catastrophic orbital collisions.