2023 AI Index Report released

Industry releases more "significant" machine learning models than academia, with 32 released in 2022 compared with three. Until 2014, most significant machine learning models were released by academic institutions. Performance on traditional benchmarks is saturating. State-of-the-art results continue to be published, but year-over-year improvement on many benchmarks continues to be marginal. Training of AI models has environmental implications, with BLOOM's training run emitting 25 times more carbon than a single air traveller on a one-way trip from New York to San Francisco.