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The paper proposes a mechanism for explaining Bayesian inference and network plasticity in the brain using an algorithm very similar to Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics. Clarity: The paper is well written. Even though my background is machine learning and not neuroscience, I was able to follow most of the paper. Originality: The mechanism itself is well studied in the machine learning literature where it is called Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) (see Ref[1] and analysis in Ref[2]). This is also well known in physics where it is usually called the Langevin equation with noisy force (see e.g.