Report #SP-1395, System Development Corporation, Santa Monica, CA.

A large high-speed general-purpose digital computer (IBM 7090) wasProgrammed to solve elementary symbolic integration problems at approximatelythe level of a good college freshman. The program is called SAINT,an acronym for "Symbolic Automatic INTegrator." The SAINT programis written in LISP (McCarthy, 1960), and most of the work reported hereJs the substance of a doctoral dissertation at the Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (Slagle, 1961). This discussion concerns the SAINT programand its performance.Some typical samples of SAINT's external behavior are given so thatthe reader may think in concrete terms. Journal of the ACM, Vol 10, No. 4, pp. 507-520, October 1963.

"The LISP language is designed primarily for symbolic data processing. It has been used for symbolic calculations in differential and integral calculus, electrical circuit theory, mathematical logic, game playing, and other fields of artificial intelligence.LISP is a formal mathematical language. It is therefore podsible to give a concise yet complete description of it. Such is the purpose of this first section of the manual. Other sections will describe ways of using LISP to advantage and will explain extensions of the language which make it a convenient programming system."The M.I.T. Press

A model of human information processing during concept formation has been constructed, using a list processing, digital computer program. The program's input consists of descriptions of objects in terms of dimensions and values. The universe of objects is divided into two or more sets. The program attempts to form a decision rule, based upon the descriptions of the objects, which can be used to assign any previously presented or new object to its correct set. The program is a model for human information processing, rather than an artificial intelligence system.

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In my view, the present "critical situation" in M.T., is not due to the fact that genuine Mechanical Translation is inherently impossible, as Bar-Hillel thinks, but to the fact that the mechanizable techniques at present being used to analyse language are not powerful enough to detect the message, or argument, of any particular text. Other papers from this conference online. See Table of Contents with links to online papers from the Proc. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis (http://www.mt-archive.info/NPL-1961-TOC.htm). Proc. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis, pp. 438-475, London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1962.

Technical Report, Panoramic Research, Inc, Palo Alto, CA

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