Rule-Based Reasoning
Rete: A Fast Algorithm for the Many Pattern/Many Object Pattern Match Problem
The Rete Match Algorithm is an efficient method for comparing a large collection of patterns to a large collection of objects. It finds all the objects that match each pattern. The algorithm was developed for use in production system interpreters, and it has been used for systems containing from a few hundred to more than a thousand patterns and objects. This article presents the algorithm in detail. It explains the basic concepts of the algorithm, it describes pattern and object representations that are appropriate for the algorithm, and it describes the operations performed by the pattern matcher.
Expert Systems: Where Are We? And Where Do We Go from Here?
"Work on Expert Systems has received extensive attention recently, prompting growing interest in a range of environments. Much has been made of the basic concept and of the rule-based system approach typically used to construct the programs. Perhaps this is a good time then to review what we know, asses the current prospects, and suggest directions appropriate for the next steps of basic research. I'd like to do that today, and propose to do it by taking you on a journey of sorts, a metaphorical trip through the State of the Art of Expert Systems. We'll wander about the landscape, ranging from the familiar territory of the Land of Accepted Wisdom, to the vast unknowns at the Frontiers of Knowledge. I guarantee we'll all return safely, so come along...." AI Magazine 3(2): Spring 1982, 3-22.
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
"An introductory chapter describes the historical and technical foundations of the work .... subsequent chapters describe five prototype computer programs that tackle difficult clinical problems in a manner similar to that of an expert physician. The programs presented are INTERNIST, a diagnostic aid that combines a large database of disease/manifestation associations with techniques for problem formulation; EXPERT and the Glaucoma Program which use physiological models for the diagnosis and treatment of eye disease; MYCIN, a rule-based program for diagnosis and therapy selection for infectious diseases; the Digitalis Therapy Advisor, which aids the physician in prescribing the right dose of the drug digitalis and also explains its actions; and ABEL, a program that uses multi-level pathophysiologic models for diagnosis of acid-base and electrolyte disorders."AAAS Selected Symposia Series, Volume 51. Available from MIT.
XSEL: a computer sales person's assistant
This paper describes XSEL, a program being developed at Carnegie-Mellon University that will assist salespeople in tailoring computer systems to fit the needs of customers. XSEL will have two kinds of expertise: it will know how to select hardware and software components that fulfil the requirements of particular sets of applications, and it will know how to provide satisfying explanations in the computer system sales domainIn Hayes, J. E., Michie, D., and Pao, Y.-H. (Eds.), Machine Intelligence 10. Ellis Horwood.
Artificial Intelligence Research at Carnegie-Mellon University
AI research at CMU is closely integrated with other activities in the Computer Science Department, and to a major degree with ongoing research in the Psychology Department. Although there are over 50 faculty, staff and graduate students involved in various aspects of AI research, there is no administratively (or physically) separate AI laboratory. To underscore the interdisciplinary nature of our AI research, a significant fraction of the projects listed below are joint ventures between computer science and psychology.
OPS5 user's manual
Technical report CMU-CS-81-135, Computer Science Department, Carnegie-Mellon University. "This is a combination introductory and reference manual for OPS5, a programming language for production systems. OPS5 is used primarily for applications in the areas of artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and expert systems. OPS5 interpreters have been implemented in LISP and BLISS."
EMYCIN: A Knowledge Engineer’s Tool for Constructing Rule-Based Expert Systems
This chapter from the Mycin book is a brief overview of van Melle's Ph.D. dissertation (Stanford, Computer Science), and is a shortened and edited version of a paper appearing in Pergamon-lnfotech state of the art report on machine intelligence, pp. 249-263. Maidenhead, Berkshire, U.K.: Infotech Ltd., 1981. Mycin Book (1984)
The Stanford Heuristic Programming Project: Goals and Activities
Buchanan, Bruce G., Feigenbaum, Edward A.
The Heuristic Programming Project of the Stanford University Computer Science Department is a laboratory of about fifty people whose main goals are to model the nature of scientific reasoning processes in various types of scientific problems and various areas of science and medicine; and to construct expert systems — programs that achieve high levels of performance on tasks that normally require significant human expertise for their solution.