The use of the agent paradigm to understand and design complex systems occupies an important and growing role in different areas of social and natural sciences and technology. Application areas where the agent paradigm delivers appropriate solutions include online trading,16 disaster management,10 and policy making.11 However, the two main agent approaches, Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) differ considerably in methodology, applications, and aims. MAS focus on solving specific complex problems using autonomous heterogeneous agents, while ABM is used to capture the dynamics of a (social or technical) system for analytical purposes. ABM is a form of computational modeling whereby a population of individual agents is given simple rules to govern their behavior such that global properties of the whole can be analyzed.9

It's been a long time worry that when AI gains a certain level of autonomy it will see no use for humans or even perceive them as a threat. A new study by Google's DeepMind lab may or may not ease those fears. There are two unmistakable sides to the debate concerning the future of artificial intelligence. The researchers at DeepMind have been working with two games to test whether neural networks are more likely to understand motivations to compete or cooperate. They hope that this research could lead to AI being better at working with other AI in situations that contain imperfect information.

We set up competitions between multiple simulated 3D robots on a range of basic games, trained each agent with simple goals (push the opponent out of the sumo ring, reach the other side of the ring while preventing the other agent from doing the same, kick the ball into the net or prevent the other agent from doing so, and so on), then analyzed the different strategies that emerged. Agents initially receive dense rewards for behaviours that aid exploration like standing and moving forward, which are eventually annealed to zero in favor of being rewarded for just winning and losing. Despite the simple rewards, the agents learn subtle behaviors like tackling, ducking, faking, kicking and catching, and diving for the ball. Each agent's neural network policy is independently trained with Proximal Policy Optimization. To understand how complex behaviors can emerge through a combination of simple goals and competitive pressure, let's analyze the sumo wrestling task.

On Sunday night, a lone gunman armed with 23 powerful weapons opened fire from a window on the 32nd floor of the Mandalay Bay casino in Las Vegas, targeting thousands concertgoers gathered for a country music festival below. Within minutes, the gunman had killed at least 58 people and injured nearly 500. There may be no more contentious issue in America than gun control, and no more emotional time to discuss it than in the days following a national tragedy like the one that unfolded in Las Vegas. But, a subject being difficult to discuss should not preclude us from trying to understand it, and fortunately nature has evolved methods for helping relatively simple organisms work through incredibly complicated problems with life or death consequences. Swarm Intelligence allows groups of bees to converge on the perfect place for their hive nearly 90% of the time, and extending this power to humans through Unanimous AI's Swarm AI technology empowers groups to create similarly optimized insight.

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Earlier this year, Microsoft announced that they have started using intelligent virtual agent for Microsoft Support customer care in the US. At Ignite conference this week, Microsoft revealed that their virtual agent is now handling over 650,000 sessions per week, also it is increasing both customer and support agent satisfactions. Microsoft is now opening up this technology to other organisations through Dynamics 365 AI solutions. HP Inc. and Macy's are now trying out this solution for their respective customer care effort through Early Access Program. "HP is reinventing the support experience by empowering our customers to easily solve a broad range of issues on their own," said Jon Flaxman, Chief Operating Officer, HP Inc. "Microsoft's advanced Artificial Intelligence capabilities enables HP Customer Service to deliver and manage these self-service solutions efficiently and with more precision." You can learn more about the new Dynamics 365 AI solutions here.

Certifiable Trust in Autonomous Systems: Making the Intractable Tangible

Artificial intelligence (AI) research in Singapore is focused on accelerating the country's development into a smart nation. Specifically, AI has been employed extensively in either augmenting the intelligence of humans or in developing automated methods and systems to improve quality of life in Singapore. In this column we summarize Singapore's Our focus in this column is primarily limited to the efforts of Singapore to become a smart nation. The key areas of AI research summarized here include mobility, security, manufacturing, and health care. In addition, there are also translational domain has taken a number of interesting directions.

In 2018, a advances in research, education, limited number of complimentary The goal of this program is to provide and application. Submissions are due technical program registrations will be a forum in which students can present November 15. View previous entries available for students who volunteer and discuss their work during its early and award winners at the AI Videos during the conference. Preference will stages, meet some of their peers who Past Competitions page (www.