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Extracting Thyroid Nodules Characteristics from Ultrasound Reports Using Transformer-based Natural Language Processing Methods

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

However, the characteristics of thyroid nodules are often documented in clinical narratives such as ultrasound reports. Previous studies have examined natural language processing (NLP) methods in extracting a limited number of characteristics (<9) using rule-based NLP systems. In this study, a multidisciplinary team of NLP experts and thyroid specialists, identified thyroid nodule characteristics that are important for clinical care, composed annotation guidelines, developed a corpus, and compared 5 state-of-the-art transformer-based NLP methods, including BERT, RoBERTa, LongFormer, DeBERTa, and GatorTron, for extraction of thyroid nodule characteristics from ultrasound reports. Our GatorTron model, a transformer-based large language model trained using over 90 billion words of text, achieved the best strict and lenient F1-score of 0.8851 and 0.9495 for the extraction of a total number of 16 thyroid nodule characteristics, and 0.9321 for linking characteristics to nodules, outperforming other clinical transformer models. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically categorize and apply transformer-based NLP models to extract a large number of clinical relevant thyroid nodule characteristics from ultrasound reports. This study lays ground for assessing the documentation quality of thyroid ultrasound reports and examining outcomes of patients with thyroid nodules using electronic health records. Introduction Thyroid cancer overdiagnosis is common, harmful, and costly. More than 44,000 new cases of thyroid cancer are expected in the US in 2022.


Will AI steal your job..?. Is your job at risk, either now or inโ€ฆ

#artificialintelligence

I interviewed Chat GPT and asked it what jobs it and other Artificial Intelligence services were at risk of replacing. Graham F: Hello ChatGPT, what jobs can you replace? As an Artificial Intelligence (AI) language model, I am not capable of replacing any jobs on my own. However, I can assist in various tasks and make certain jobs easier by automating certain repetitive or time-consuming tasks. That being said, advancements in AI and automation technology have led to the automation of some jobs in fields such as manufacturing, transportation, and data entry.


How to Use Chatbots, like ChatGPT, in Your Daily Life and Work - The New York Times

#artificialintelligence

Large language models write poems and screenplays. One of the latest, GPT-4, scored in the 90th percentile on the bar exam and got top scores on a number of Advanced Placement tests. And the potential productivity gains for workers are enormous. Here are six things that A.I. is especially good at, right now: For the last few months, I've been using ChatGPT as my personal tutor every time I get curious about a new topic. If it's, say, fractional reserve banking, I'll start by asking ChatGPT to "explain fractional reserve banking at a high school level."


Musk, scientists call for halt to AI race sparked by ChatGPT - Japan Today

#artificialintelligence

Are tech companies moving too fast in rolling out powerful artificial intelligence technology that could one day outsmart humans? That's the conclusion of a group of prominent computer scientists and other tech industry notables such as Elon Musk and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak who are calling for a 6-month pause to consider the risks. Their petition published Wednesday is a response to San Francisco startup OpenAI's recent release of GPT-4, a more advanced successor to its widely-used AI chatbot ChatGPT that helped spark a race among tech giants Microsoft and Google to unveil similar applications. The letter warns that AI systems with "human-competitive intelligence can pose profound risks to society and humanity" -- from flooding the internet with disinformation and automating away jobs to more catastrophic future risks out of the realms of science fiction. It says "recent months have seen AI labs locked in an out-of-control race to develop and deploy ever more powerful digital minds that no one โ€“ not even their creators โ€“ can understand, predict, or reliably control."


ColossalChat: An Open-source Solution for Cloning ChatGPT with A Complete RLHF Pipeline

#artificialintelligence

Large AI models like ChatGPT and GPT-4 have become extremely popular worldwide, serving as a foundation for the technological industrial revolution and the development of AGI (Artificial General Intelligence). Not only are technology giants racing to release new products, but many AI experts from academia and industry are also joining the related entrepreneurial wave. Generative AI is rapidly iterating on a daily basis, continuously improving! However, OpenAI has not made its models open source, leaving many curious about the technical details behind them. As the leading open-source large AI model solution today,Colossal-AI is the first to open source a complete RLHF pipeline that includes supervised data collection, supervised fine-tuning, reward model training, and reinforcement learning fine-tuning, based on the LLaMA pre-trained model, and shares ColossalChat, the most practical open-source project that closely resembles the original ChatGPT technical solution!


ChatGPT Massive Upgrade. Ultimate Powers, Internet Access, and More.

#artificialintelligence

ChatGPT is trained till 2021, and that was a big bummer. With the latest update from OpenAI, it can access the internet, upload images, videos, audio, and CSV files, and connect to your website for enhanced functionality. Well, that world is here! OpenAI has just announced a game-changing upgrade to ChatGPT that will revolutionize how you interact with AI. OpenAI recently announced a massive upgrade to ChatGPT, which now supports plugins that extend its functionality.


How to navigate today's conversational AI and text generative landscape

#artificialintelligence

Join top executives in San Francisco on July 11-12, to hear how leaders are integrating and optimizing AI investments for success. OpenAI's revolutionary chatbot ChatGPT has been all over the news in recent months, triggering technology giants such as Google and Baidu to accelerate their AI roadmaps. ChatGPT is built on OpenAI's GPT language model and provides a variety of functions, such as engaging in conversations, answering questions, generating written text, debugging code, conducting sentiment analysis, translating languages and much more. Looking at the technologies of this moment in time, nothing seems to be as pivotal to the future of humanity as generative AI. The idea of scaling the creation of intelligence through machines will touch on everything that happens around us, and the momentum in the generative AI space created by ChatGPT's sudden ascent is inspiring.


The Open Letter to Stop 'Dangerous' AI Race Is a Huge Mess

#artificialintelligence

Emily M. Bender, a Professor in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Washington and the co-author of the first paper the letter cites, tweeted that this open letter is "dripping with #Aihype" and that the letter misuses her research. The letter says, "AI systems with human-competitive intelligence can pose profound risks to society and humanity, as shown by extensive research," but Bender counters that her research specifically points to current large language models and their use within oppressive systems--which is much more concrete and pressing than hypothetical future AI.


'The View' host warns 'everyone should be scared' of Artificial Intelligence

FOX News

"The View" co-host Sara Haines warned Thursday that "everyone should be scared" about artificial intelligence if the experts are calling on AI labs to pause development. "The View" co-host Sara Haines warned that "everyone should be scared" of artificial intelligence if major technical brains are calling for a pause on big AI experiments. Haines said towards the end of their discussion Thursday that "everyone should be scared" and "everyone should be nervous" if the AI experts are pushing for a pause. "When the technical brain, the engineers behind the technology say we need to put a hold on this, something's going on, everyone should be scared," Haines said. Goldberg seemed to agree while co-hosts Sunny Hostin and Joy Behar said they didn't "trust" the tech experts.


OpenAI may have to halt ChatGPT releases following FTC complaint

Engadget

A public challenge could put a temporary stop to the deployment of ChatGPT and similar AI systems. The nonprofit research organization Center for AI and Digital Policy (CAIDP) has filed a complaint with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) alleging that OpenAI is violating the FTC Act through its releases of large language AI models like GPT-4. That model is "biased, deceptive" and threatens both privacy and public safety, CAIDP claims. Likewise, it supposedly fails to meet Commission guidelines calling for AI to be transparent, fair and easy to explain. The Center wants the FTC to investigate OpenAI and suspend future releases of large language models until they meet the agency's guidelines.