The scientific discourse surrounding Chronic Lyme Disease (CLD) and Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS) has evolved over the past twenty-five years into a complex and polarised debate, shaped by shifting research priorities, institutional influences, and competing explanatory models. This study presents the first large-scale, systematic examination of this discourse using an innovative hybrid AI-driven methodology, combining large language models with structured human validation to analyse thousands of scholarly abstracts spanning 25 years. By integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with expert oversight, we developed a quantitative framework for tracking epistemic shifts in contested medical fields, with applications to other content analysis domains. Our analysis revealed a progressive transition from infection-based models of Lyme disease to immune-mediated explanations for persistent symptoms. This study offers new empirical insights into the structural and epistemic forces shaping Lyme disease research, providing a scalable and replicable methodology for analysing discourse, while underscoring the value of AI-assisted methodologies in social science and medical research.

Carrying out research tasks is only inadequately supported, if not hindered, by current web search engines. This paper therefore proposes functional extensions of WebMap, a semantically induced overlay linking structure on the web to inherently facilitate research activities.

The exponential growth of academic literature creates urgent demands for comprehensive survey papers, yet manual writing remains time-consuming and labor-intensive. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) facilitate studies in synthesizing survey papers from multiple references, but most existing works restrict users to title-only inputs and fixed outputs, neglecting the personalized process of survey paper writing. In this paper, we introduce InteractiveSurvey - an LLM-based personalized and interactive survey paper generation system. InteractiveSurvey can generate structured, multi-modal survey papers with reference categorizations from multiple reference papers through both online retrieval and user uploads. More importantly, users can customize and refine intermediate components continuously during generation, including reference categorization, outline, and survey content through an intuitive interface. Evaluations of content quality, time efficiency, and user studies show that InteractiveSurvey is an easy-to-use survey generation system that outperforms most LLMs and existing methods in output content quality while remaining highly time-efficient.

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed various sectors, including education, finance, and medicine, by enhancing content generation and decision-making processes. However, their integration into the medical field is cautious due to hallucinations, instances where generated content deviates from factual accuracy, potentially leading to adverse outcomes. To address this, we introduce Hyper-RAG, a hypergraph-driven Retrieval-Augmented Generation method that comprehensively captures both pairwise and beyond-pairwise correlations in domain-specific knowledge, thereby mitigating hallucinations. Experiments on the NeurologyCrop dataset with six prominent LLMs demonstrated that Hyper-RAG improves accuracy by an average of 12.3% over direct LLM use and outperforms Graph RAG and Light RAG by 6.3% and 6.0%, respectively. Additionally, Hyper-RAG maintained stable performance with increasing query complexity, unlike existing methods which declined. Further validation across nine diverse datasets showed a 35.5% performance improvement over Light RAG using a selection-based assessment. The lightweight variant, Hyper-RAG-Lite, achieved twice the retrieval speed and a 3.3% performance boost compared with Light RAG. These results confirm Hyper-RAG's effectiveness in enhancing LLM reliability and reducing hallucinations, making it a robust solution for high-stakes applications like medical diagnostics.

Computer Science and Design practitioners have been researching and proposing alternatives for a dearth of recommendations, standards, or best practices in user interfaces for decades. Now, with the advent of generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), we have yet again an emerging, powerful technology that lacks sufficient guidance in terms of possible interactions, inputs, and outcomes. In this context, this work proposes a lightweight framework for responsible prompting recommendation to be added before the prompt is sent to GenAI. The framework is comprised of (1) a human-curated dataset for recommendations, (2) a red team dataset for assessing recommendations, (3) a sentence transformer for semantics mapping, (4) a similarity metric to map input prompt to recommendations, (5) a set of similarity thresholds, (6) quantized sentence embeddings, (7) a recommendation engine, and (8) an evaluation step to use the red team dataset. With the proposed framework and open-source system, the contributions presented can be applied in multiple contexts where end-users can benefit from guidance for interacting with GenAI in a more responsible way, recommending positive values to be added and harmful sentences to be removed.

While it is increasingly evident that the internet is becoming saturated with content created by generated Ai large language models, accurately measuring the scale of this phenomenon has proven challenging. By analyzing the frequency of specific keywords commonly used by ChatGPT, this paper demonstrates that such linguistic markers can effectively be used to esti-mate the presence of generative AI content online. The findings suggest that at least 30% of text on active web pages originates from AI-generated sources, with the actual proportion likely ap-proaching 40%. Given the implications of autophagous loops, this is a sobering realization.

The rise of deep learning in natural language processing has fostered the creation of text to structured query language models composed of an encoder and a decoder. Researchers have experimented with various intermediate processing like schema linking, table type aware, value extract. To generate accurate SQL results for the user question. However error analysis performed on the failed cases on these systems shows, 29 percentage of the errors would be because the system was unable to understand the values expressed by the user in their question. This challenge affects the generation of accurate SQL queries, especially when dealing with domain-specific terms and specific value conditions, where traditional methods struggle to maintain consistency and precision. To overcome these obstacles, proposed two intermediations like implementing data balancing technique and over sampling domain-specific queries which would refine the model architecture to enhance value recognition and fine tuning the model for domain-specific questions. This proposed solution achieved 10.98 percentage improvement in accuracy of the model performance compared to the state of the art model tested on WikiSQL dataset. to convert the user question accurately to SQL queries. Applying oversampling technique on the domain-specific questions shown a significant improvement as compared with traditional approaches.

Large language models (LLMs) have grown in their usage to provide support for question answering across numerous disciplines. The models on their own have already shown promise for answering basic questions, however fail quickly where expert domain knowledge is required or the question is nuanced. Scientific research often involves searching for relevant literature, distilling pertinent information from that literature and analysing how the findings support or contradict one another. The information is often encapsulated in the full text body of research articles, rather than just in the abstracts. Statements within these articles frequently require the wider article context to be fully understood. We have built an LLM-based system that performs such search and distillation of information encapsulated in scientific literature, and we evaluate our keyword based search and information distillation system against a set of biology related questions from previously released literature benchmarks. We demonstrate sparse retrieval methods exhibit results close to state of the art without the need for dense retrieval, with its associated infrastructure and complexity overhead. We also show how to increase the coverage of relevant documents for literature review generation.

Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating multimodal data (text, images, videos) into retrieval and generation processes, overcoming the limitations of text-only Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). While RAG improves response accuracy by incorporating external textual knowledge, MRAG extends this framework to include multimodal retrieval and generation, leveraging contextual information from diverse data types. This approach reduces hallucinations and enhances question-answering systems by grounding responses in factual, multimodal knowledge. Recent studies show MRAG outperforms traditional RAG, especially in scenarios requiring both visual and textual understanding. This survey reviews MRAG's essential components, datasets, evaluation methods, and limitations, providing insights into its construction and improvement. It also identifies challenges and future research directions, highlighting MRAG's potential to revolutionize multimodal information retrieval and generation. By offering a comprehensive perspective, this work encourages further exploration into this promising paradigm.

The rapid growth of big data and advancements in computational techniques have significantly transformed sports analytics. However, the diverse range of data sources -- including structured statistics, semi-structured formats like sensor data, and unstructured media such as written articles, audio, and video -- creates substantial challenges in extracting actionable insights. These various formats, often referred to as multimodal data, require integration to fully leverage their potential. Conventional systems, which typically prioritize structured data, face limitations when processing and combining these diverse content types, reducing their effectiveness in real-time sports analysis. To address these challenges, recent research highlights the importance of multimodal data integration for capturing the complexity of real-world sports environments. Building on this foundation, this paper introduces GridMind, a multi-agent framework that unifies structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data through Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and large language models (LLMs) to facilitate natural language querying of NFL data. This approach aligns with the evolving field of multimodal representation learning, where unified models are increasingly essential for real-time, cross-modal interactions. GridMind's distributed architecture includes specialized agents that autonomously manage each stage of a prompt -- from interpretation and data retrieval to response synthesis. This modular design enables flexible, scalable handling of multimodal data, allowing users to pose complex, context-rich questions and receive comprehensive, intuitive responses via a conversational interface.