Today, the web has become a mandatory platform to express users' opinions, emotions and feelings about various events. Every person using his smartphone can give his opinion about the purchase of a product, the occurrence of an accident, the occurrence of a new disease, etc. in blogs and social networks such as (Twitter, WhatsApp, Telegram and Instagram) register. Therefore, millions of comments are recorded daily and it creates a huge volume of unstructured text data that can extract useful knowledge from this type of data by using natural language processing methods. Sentiment analysis is one of the important applications of natural language processing and machine learning, which allows us to analyze the sentiments of comments and other textual information recorded by web users. Therefore, the analysis of sentiments, approaches and challenges in this field will be explained in the following.

While fine-tuning pre-trained language models has become a standard NLP practice, data labeling remains a significant bottleneck in NLP. To alleviate this problem, active learning (AL) methods have been used for various NLP tasks such as sentiment analysis and document classification.

Internet memes are characterised by the interspersing of text amongst visual elements. State-of-the-art multimodal meme classifiers do not account for the relative positions of these elements across the two modalities, despite the latent meaning associated with where text and visual elements are placed. Against two meme sentiment classification datasets, we systematically show performance gains from incorporating the spatial position of visual objects, faces, and text clusters extracted from memes. In addition, we also present facial embedding as an impactful enhancement to image representation in a multimodal meme classifier. Finally, we show that incorporating this spatial information allows our fully automated approaches to outperform their corresponding baselines that rely on additional human validation of OCR-extracted text.

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SESAMm, a leader in natural language processing (NLP), a field of artificial intelligence, announced the close of a Series B2 funding round of €35 million (USD 37 million) to accelerate its ambitious growth and global expansion plans. "Since we started working with SESAMm as investors and clients over two years ago, we've been impressed with both the company's growth and the advanced analytics that have supported our deal sourcing, diligence, and portfolio company value creation efforts" Securing this funding will enable SESAMm to further expand into U.S. and Asian markets, support technology development to generate AI-powered ESG and sentiment analytics, and hire key talent across sustainability, technology, sales, and marketing. The Series B2 round was co-led by Elaia, a deep tech VC firm, and Opera Tech Ventures, the venture capital arm of BNP Paribas (BNP). Other participating companies include asset manager Unigestion, Raiffeisen Bank International's (RBI) venture capital entity Elevator Ventures, AFG Partners, CEGEE Capital, and historical backers, including Carlyle (CG) and New Alpha Asset Management, who participated in the previous Series B1 round. This latest round brings the total funding raised to €50 million.

Aspect term extraction is a fundamental task in fine-grained sentiment analysis, which aims at detecting customer's opinion targets from reviews on product or service. The traditional supervised models can achieve promising results with annotated datasets, however, the performance dramatically decreases when they are applied to the task of cross-domain aspect term extraction. Existing cross-domain transfer learning methods either directly inject linguistic features into Language models, making it difficult to transfer linguistic knowledge to target domain, or rely on the fixed predefined prompts, which is time-consuming to construct the prompts over all potential aspect term spans. To resolve the limitations, we propose a soft prompt-based joint learning method for cross domain aspect term extraction in this paper. Specifically, by incorporating external linguistic features, the proposed method learn domain-invariant representations between source and target domains via multiple objectives, which bridges the gap between domains with varied distributions of aspect terms. Further, the proposed method interpolates a set of transferable soft prompts consisted of multiple learnable vectors that are beneficial to detect aspect terms in target domain. Extensive experiments are conducted on the benchmark datasets and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for cross-domain aspect terms extraction.

Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) is a sentiment analysis task at fine-grained level. Recently, generative frameworks have attracted increasing attention in ABSA due to their ability to unify subtasks and their continuity to upstream pre-training tasks. However, these generative models suffer from the neighboring dependency problem that induces neighboring words to get higher attention. In this paper, we propose SynGen, a plug-and-play syntactic information aware module. As a plug-in module, our SynGen can be easily applied to any generative framework backbones. The key insight of our module is to add syntactic inductive bias to attention assignment and thus direct attention to the correct target words. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first one to introduce syntactic information to generative ABSA frameworks. Our module design is based on two main principles: (1) maintaining the structural integrity of backbone PLMs and (2) disentangling the added syntactic information and original semantic information. Empirical results on four popular ABSA datasets demonstrate that SynGen enhanced model achieves a comparable performance to the state-of-the-art model with relaxed labeling specification and less training consumption.

The recent (re)popularization of deep learning methods increased the importance and need for the data even further. Similarly, the other subfields of theoretical and applied linguistics have also seen a shift towards more data-driven methods. As a result, availability of large and high-quality language data is essential for both linguistic research and practical NLP applications. In this paper, we present a comprehensive and critical survey of linguistic resources for Turkish.

Emotion-cause pair extraction (ECPE) task aims to extract all the pairs of emotions and their causes from an unannotated emotion text. The previous works usually extract the emotion-cause pairs from two perspectives of emotion and cause. However, emotion extraction is more crucial to the ECPE task than cause extraction. Motivated by this analysis, we propose an end-to-end emotion-cause extraction approach oriented toward emotion prediction (EPO-ECPE), aiming to fully exploit the potential of emotion prediction to enhance emotion-cause pair extraction. Considering the strong dependence between emotion prediction and emotion-cause pair extraction, we propose a synchronization mechanism to share their improvement in the training process. That is, the improvement of emotion prediction can facilitate the emotion-cause pair extraction, and then the results of emotion-cause pair extraction can also be used to improve the accuracy of emotion prediction simultaneously. For the emotion-cause pair extraction, we divide it into genuine pair supervision and fake pair supervision, where the genuine pair supervision learns from the pairs with more possibility to be emotion-cause pairs. In contrast, fake pair supervision learns from other pairs. In this way, the emotion-cause pairs can be extracted directly from the genuine pair, thereby reducing the difficulty of extraction. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms the 13 compared systems and achieves new state-of-the-art performance.

The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced new opportunities for health communication, including an increase in the public use of online outlets for health-related emotions. People have turned to social media networks to share sentiments related to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper we examine the role of social messaging shared by Persons in the Public Eye (i.e. athletes, politicians, news personnel) in determining overall public discourse direction. We harvested approximately 13 million tweets ranging from 1 January 2020 to 1 March 2022. The sentiment was calculated for each tweet using a fine-tuned DistilRoBERTa model, which was used to compare COVID-19 vaccine-related Twitter posts (tweets) that co-occurred with mentions of People in the Public Eye. Our findings suggest the presence of consistent patterns of emotional content co-occurring with messaging shared by Persons in the Public Eye for the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic influenced public opinion and largely stimulated online public discourse. We demonstrate that as the pandemic progressed, public sentiment shared on social networks was shaped by risk perceptions, political ideologies and health-protective behaviours shared by Persons in the Public Eye, often in a negative light.