Abstract--The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) for translating Natural Language (NL) queries into SQL varies significantly across databases (DBs). NL queries are often expressed using a domain specific vocabulary, and mapping these to the correct SQL requires an understanding of the embedded domain expressions, their relationship to the DB schema structure. Existing benchmarks rely on unrealistic, ad-hoc query specific textual hints for expressing domain knowledge. In this paper, we propose a systematic framework for associating structured domain statements at the database level. We present retrieval of relevant structured domain statements given a user query using sub-string level match. We evaluate on eleven realistic DB schemas covering diverse domains across five open-source and proprietary LLMs and demonstrate that (1) DB level structured domain statements are more practical and accurate than existing ad-hoc query specific textual domain statements, and (2) Our sub-string match based retrieval of relevant domain statements provides significantly higher accuracy than other retrieval approaches. The impressive natural language understanding and code generation capabilities of modern LLMs has led to significantly improved performance on NL-SQL semantic parsing [1], [2]. However, their accuracy varies widely with the database queried [3]. DBs in WikiSQL [4] or Spider [5] contain semantically meaningful table/column names and cell values making it easier for LLMs to accurately link domain expressions in the NL query with the DB schema/cell elements.

First provide a summary of the paper, and then address the following criteria: Quality, clarity, originality and significance. Mallows models are a classically studied class of distributions over permutations that can be viewed as a sequential model in which items are inserted one by one into a ranking. This paper proposes an interesting hierarchical generalization of Mallows models in which groups of items are sequentially ``merged'' together (as they would be in mergesort). The model can also be viewed as a special case of a recently proposed class of ``riffle independent'' models by Huang/Guestrin, but with a more tractable number of parameters in general and better computational properties. There are several nice contributions in this paper, including a simple and elegant characterization of identifiability of the structure, as well as an interesting structure estimation algorithm based on the inside-outside parsing algorithm for stochastic context free grammars.

"NIPS Neural Information Processing Systems 8-11th December 2014, Montreal, Canada",,, "Paper ID:","879" "Title:","A Multi-World Approach to Question Answering about Real-World Scenes based on Uncertain Input" Current Reviews First provide a summary of the paper, and then address the following criteria: Quality, clarity, originality and significance. The authors present a method for question answering about real world scenes - given as input a real world image and a question regarding objects in this image their system answers this question. For the question-answering engine the authors have generated a novel dataset with more than 12k question-answer pairs. The authors show an improved performance when using the multi-world approach but it didn't fully convinced me as for its quality since the accuracy (and WUPS) is pretty low either way. I would like to see more evidence and understanding of the importance and contribution of the multi-world approach.

Neural Information Processing Systems http://nips.cc/

With over 2,000 languages and potentially millions of speakers, Africa represents one of the richest linguistic regions in the world. Yet, this diversity is scarcely reflected in state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) systems and large language models (LLMs), which predominantly support a narrow set of high-resource languages. This exclusion not only limits the reach and utility of modern NLP technologies but also risks widening the digital divide across linguistic communities. Nevertheless, NLP research on African languages is active and growing. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in this area, driven by several factors-including the creation of multilingual language resources, the rise of community-led initiatives, and increased support through funding programs. In this survey, we analyze 884 research papers on NLP for African languages published over the past five years, offering a comprehensive overview of recent progress across core tasks. We identify key trends shaping the field and conclude by outlining promising directions to foster more inclusive and sustainable NLP research for African languages.

Although birthed in the era of teletypes, the command line shell survived the graphical interface revolution of the 1980's and lives on in modern desktop operating systems. The command line provides access to powerful functionality not otherwise exposed on the computer, but requires users to recall textual syntax and carefully scour documentation. In contrast, graphical interfaces let users organically discover and invoke possible actions through widgets and menus. To better expose the power of the command line, we demonstrate a mechanism for automatically creating graphical interfaces for command line tools by translating their documentation (in the form of man pages) into interface specifications via AI. Using these specifications, our user-facing system, called GUIde, presents the command options to the user graphically. We evaluate the generated interfaces on a corpus of commands to show to what degree GUIde offers thorough graphical interfaces for users' real-world command line tasks.

Motivated by this property, we propose a method to extend transformers to tree-structured data, enabling sequence-to-tree, tree-to-sequence, and tree-to-tree mappings.

Moreover, inference can be done on FGGs without enumerating all the generated factor graphs.