The first principles approach to problem-solving is the act of breaking a problem down to the fundamental parts and building up from there. This method is well known to physicists dating back as far as the days of Aristotle. The first principles method is a very efficient method for problem-solving. Elon Musk (CEO of Tesla and SpaceX) is well known for applying the first principles method for solving technological and engineering problems. In this article, we discuss how the first principles method can be used to simplify data science tasks.

Hi Everyone welcome to new course which is created to sharpen your linear regression and statistical basics. In this course I have explained hypothesis testing, Unbiased estimators, Statistical test, Gradient descent. End of the course you will be able to code your own regression algorithm from scratch.Who this course is for: Hi my name is Jay working as data scientist in a leading MNC, I have completed my masters degree adv mathematics and FEM . I love making educational video and content.

Welcome to this project-based course on Logistic with NumPy and Python. In this project, you will do all the machine learning without using any of the popular machine learning libraries such as scikit-learn and statsmodels. Welcome to this project-based course on Logistic with NumPy and Python. In this project, you will do all the machine learning without using any of the popular machine learning libraries such as scikit-learn and statsmodels. The aim of this project and is to implement all the machinery, including gradient descent, cost function, and logistic regression, of the various learning algorithms yourself, so you have a deeper understanding of the fundamentals.

In previous stories, I have given a brief of Linear Regression and showed how to perform Simple and Multiple Linear Regression. In this article, we will go through the program for building a Polynomial Regression model based on the non-linear data. In the previous examples of Linear Regression, when the data is plotted on the graph, there was a linear relationship between both the dependent and independent variables. Thus, it was more suitable to build a linear model to get accurate predictions. What if the data points had the following non-linearity making the linear model giving an error in predictions due to non-linearity? In this case, we have to build a polynomial relationship which will accurately fit the data points in the given plot.

Learn to develop a multivariate linear regression for any number of variables in Python from scratch. Linear regression is probably the most simple machine learning algorithm. It is very good for starters because it uses simple formulas. So, it is good for learning machine-learning concepts. In this article, I will try to explain the multivariate linear regression step by step.

Linear Regression is a simple and commonly used type of predictive analysis which it is the first thing we learn in data science. Linear regression is a model that finds the linear relationship between variables, a dependent variable and independent variable(s). Excel and Python are the most common tools for data analysis, and several data analysis tasks can be completed using both of them. In this article, we will compare between creating a linear regression model using Python and using Excel. I will use Boston Housing dataset to create the model.

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables a user to communicate with a computer directly using brain signals. The most common non-invasive BCI modality, electroencephalogram (EEG), is sensitive to noise/artifact and suffers between-subject/within-subject non-stationarity. Therefore, it is difficult to build a generic pattern recognition model in an EEG-based BCI system that is optimal for different subjects, during different sessions, for different devices and tasks. Usually, a calibration session is needed to collect some training data for a new subject, which is time-consuming and user unfriendly. Transfer learning (TL), which utilizes data or knowledge from similar or relevant subjects/sessions/devices/tasks to facilitate learning for a new subject/session/device/task, is frequently used to reduce the amount of calibration effort. This paper reviews journal publications on TL approaches in EEG-based BCIs in the last few years, i.e., since 2016. Six paradigms and applications -- motor imagery, event-related potentials, steady-state visual evoked potentials, affective BCIs, regression problems, and adversarial attacks -- are considered. For each paradigm/application, we group the TL approaches into cross-subject/session, cross-device, and cross-task settings and review them separately. Observations and conclusions are made at the end of the paper, which may point to future research directions.

As demand for computer software continually increases, software scope and complexity become higher than ever. The software industry is in real need of accurate estimates of the project under development. Software development effort estimation is one of the main processes in software project management. However, overestimation and underestimation may cause the software industry loses. This study determines which technique has better effort prediction accuracy and propose combined techniques that could provide better estimates. Eight different ensemble models to estimate effort with Ensemble Models were compared with each other base on the predictive accuracy on the Mean Absolute Residual (MAR) criterion and statistical tests. The results have indicated that the proposed ensemble models, besides delivering high efficiency in contrast to its counterparts, and produces the best responses for software project effort estimation. Therefore, the proposed ensemble models in this study will help the project managers working with development quality software.

Breathing rate (BR), minute ventilation (VE), and other respiratory parameters are essential for real-time patient monitoring in many acute health conditions, such as asthma. The clinical standard for measuring respiration, namely Spirometry, is hardly suitable for continuous use. Wearables can track many physiological signals, like ECG and motion, yet not respiration. Deriving respiration from other modalities has become an area of active research. In this work, we infer respiratory parameters from wearable ECG and wrist motion signals. We propose a modular and generalizable classification-regression pipeline to utilize available context information, such as physical activity, in learning context-conditioned inference models. Morphological and power domain novel features from the wearable ECG are extracted to use with these models. Exploratory feature selection methods are incorporated in this pipeline to discover application-specific interpretable biomarkers. Using data from 15 subjects, we evaluate two implementations of the proposed pipeline: for inferring BR and VE. Each implementation compares generalized linear model, random forest, support vector machine, Gaussian process regression, and neighborhood component analysis as contextual regression models. Permutation, regularization, and relevance determination methods are used to rank the ECG features to identify robust ECG biomarkers across models and activities. This work demonstrates the potential of wearable sensors not only in continuous monitoring, but also in designing biomarker-driven preventive measures.

Understanding performance and prioritizing resources for the maintenance of the drinking-water pipe network throughout its life-cycle is a key part of water asset management. Renovation of this vital network is generally hindered by the difficulty or impossibility to gain physical access to the pipes. We study a statistical and machine learning framework for the prediction of water pipe failures. We employ classical and modern classifiers for a short-term prediction and survival analysis to provide a broader perspective and long-term forecast, usually needed for the economic analysis of the renovation. To enrich these models, we introduce new predictors based on water distribution domain knowledge and employ a modern oversampling technique to remedy the high imbalance coming from the few failures observed each year. For our case study, we use a dataset containing the failure records of all pipes within the water distribution network in Barcelona, Spain. The results shed light on the effect of important risk factors, such as pipe geometry, age, material, and soil cover, among others, and can help utility managers conduct more informed predictive maintenance tasks.