De-Sheng Chen,* Tong-Fu Wang,* Jia-Wang Zhu, Bo Zhu, Zeng-Liang Wang, Jian-Gang Cao, Cai-Hong Feng, Jun-Wei Zhao Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy, Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence: Jia-Wang Zhu Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy, Tianjin Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China Email [email protected] Purpose: We aim to present an unsupervised machine learning application in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture and evaluate whether supervised machine learning-derived radiomics features enable prediction of ACL rupture accurately. Patients and Methods: Sixty-eight patients were reviewed. Their demographic features were recorded, radiomics features were extracted, and the input dataset was defined as a collection of demographic features and radiomics features. The input dataset was automatically classified by the unsupervised machine learning algorithm. Then, we used a supervised machine learning algorithm to construct a radiomics model.

Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) questionnaire has frequently been used for efficient depression preliminary screening. However, the uncontrollable self-administered measure can be easily affected by insouciantly or deceptively answering, and producing the different results with the clinician-administered Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the final diagnosis. Clinically, facial expression (FE) and actions play a vital role in clinician-administered evaluation, while FE and action are underexplored for self-administered evaluations. In this work, we collect a novel dataset of 200 subjects to evidence the validity of self-rating questionnaires with their corresponding question-wise video recording. To automatically interpret depression from the SDS evaluation and the paired video, we propose an end-to-end hierarchical framework for the long-term variable-length video, which is also conditioned on the questionnaire results and the answering time. Specifically, we resort to a hierarchical model which utilizes a 3D CNN for local temporal pattern exploration and a redundancy-aware self-attention (RAS) scheme for question-wise global feature aggregation. Targeting for the redundant long-term FE video processing, our RAS is able to effectively exploit the correlations of each video clip within a question set to emphasize the discriminative information and eliminate the redundancy based on feature pair-wise affinity. Then, the question-wise video feature is concatenated with the questionnaire scores for final depression detection. Our thorough evaluations also show the validity of fusing SDS evaluation and its video recording, and the superiority of our framework to the conventional state-of-the-art temporal modeling methods.

The significant increase in the number of individuals with chronic ailments (including the elderly and disabled) has dictated an urgent need for an innovative model for healthcare systems. The evolved model will be more personalized and less reliant on traditional brick-and-mortar healthcare institutions such as hospitals, nursing homes, and long-term healthcare centers. The smart healthcare system is a topic of recently growing interest and has become increasingly required due to major developments in modern technologies, especially in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). This paper is aimed to discuss the current state-of-the-art smart healthcare systems highlighting major areas like wearable and smartphone devices for health monitoring, machine learning for disease diagnosis, and the assistive frameworks, including social robots developed for the ambient assisted living environment. Additionally, the paper demonstrates software integration architectures that are very significant to create smart healthcare systems, integrating seamlessly the benefit of data analytics and other tools of AI. The explained developed systems focus on several facets: the contribution of each developed framework, the detailed working procedure, the performance as outcomes, and the comparative merits and limitations. The current research challenges with potential future directions are addressed to highlight the drawbacks of existing systems and the possible methods to introduce novel frameworks, respectively. This review aims at providing comprehensive insights into the recent developments of smart healthcare systems to equip experts to contribute to the field.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. According to the World Health Organization [1], 5 million people worldwide suffer a stroke every year. Of these, one third die and another third are left permanently disabled. In the United States, someone has a stroke every 40 seconds and every four minutes, someone dies [2]. The aftermath is devastating, with victims experiencing a wide range of disabling symptoms including sudden paralysis, speech loss or blindness due to blood flow interruption in the brain [3].

Many different fish species travel vast distances every year to reach their breeding grounds. Nowadays this journey is made more difficult due to obstacles such as water locks. One of these water locks placed along a popular route for migrating fish is the Weerdsluis in Utrecht. In order raise awareness, an initiative was launched together with the municipality of Utrecht: the Fish Doorbell. Here users could watch a livestream of the waters at the lock, and'ring' a bell if they spotted a fish.

'Machine Learning is all about how a machine with an artificial intelligence learns like a human being' Welcome to the course on Machine Learning and Implementing it using Python 3. As the title says, this course recommends to have a basic knowledge in Python 3 to grasp the implementation part easily but it is not compulsory. This course has strong content on the core concepts of ML such as it's features, the steps involved in building a ML Model – Data Preprocessing, Finetuning the Model, Overfitting, Underfitting, Bias, Variance, Confusion Matrix and performance measures of a ML Model. We'll understand the importance of many preprocessing techniques such as Binarization, MinMaxScaler, Standard Scaler We can implement many ML Algorithms in Python using scikit-learn library in a few lines. Can't we? Yet, that won't help us to understand the algorithms. Hence, in this course, we'll first look into understanding the mathematics and concepts behind the algorithms and then, we'll implement the same in Python.

'Machine Learning is all about how a machine with an artificial intelligence learns like a human being' Welcome to the course on Machine Learning and Implementing it using Python 3. As the title says, this course recommends to have a basic knowledge in Python 3 to grasp the implementation part easily but it is not compulsory. This course has strong content on the core concepts of ML such as it's features, the steps involved in building a ML Model - Data Preprocessing, Finetuning the Model, Overfitting, Underfitting, Bias, Variance, Confusion Matrix and performance measures of a ML Model. We'll understand the importance of many preprocessing techniques such as Binarization, MinMaxScaler, Standard Scaler We can implement many ML Algorithms in Python using scikit-learn library in a few lines. Can't we? Yet, that won't help us to understand the algorithms. Hence, in this course, we'll first look into understanding the mathematics and concepts behind the algorithms and then, we'll implement the same in Python.

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is increasingly used to automatically tune the predictive performance (e.g., accuracy) of machine learning models. However, in a plethora of real-world applications, accuracy is only one of the multiple -- often conflicting -- performance criteria, necessitating the adoption of a multi-objective (MO) perspective. While the literature on MO optimization is rich, few prior studies have focused on HPO. In this paper, we propose algorithms that extend asynchronous successive halving (ASHA) to the MO setting. Considering multiple evaluation metrics, we assess the performance of these methods on three real world tasks: (i) Neural architecture search, (ii) algorithmic fairness and (iii) language model optimization. Our empirical analysis shows that MO ASHA enables to perform MO HPO at scale. Further, we observe that that taking the entire Pareto front into account for candidate selection consistently outperforms multi-fidelity HPO based on MO scalarization in terms of wall-clock time. Our algorithms (to be open-sourced) establish new baselines for future research in the area.

The diagnosis of blood-based diseases often involves identifying and characterizing patient blood samples. Automated methods to detect and classify blood cell subtypes have important medical applications. Automated medical image processing and analysis offers a powerful tool for medical diagnosis. In this work we tackle the problem of white blood cell classification based on the morphological characteristics of their outer contour, color. The work we would explore a set of preprocessing and segmentation (Color-based segmentation, Morphological processing, contouring) algorithms along with a set of features extraction methods (Corner detection algorithms and Histogram of Gradients (HOG)), dimentionality reduction algorithms (Principal Component Analysis (PCA)) that are able to recognize and classify through various Unsupervised (k-nearest neighbors) and Supervised (Support Vector Machine, Decision Trees, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Quadratic Discriminant Analysis, Naïve Bayes) algorithms different categories of white blood cells to Eosinophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, and Neutrophil. We even take a step forwards to explore various Deep Convolutional Neural network architecture (Sqeezent, MobilenetV1, MobilenetV2, InceptionNet etc.) without preprocessing/segmentation and with preprocessing. We would like to explore many algorithms to identify the robust algorithm with least time complexity and low resource requirement. The outcome of this work can be a cue to selection of algorithms as per requirement for automated blood cell classification.

We introduce ParK, a new large-scale solver for kernel ridge regression. Our approach combines partitioning with random projections and iterative optimization to reduce space and time complexity while provably maintaining the same statistical accuracy. In particular, constructing suitable partitions directly in the feature space rather than in the input space, we promote orthogonality between the local estimators, thus ensuring that key quantities such as local effective dimension and bias remain under control. We characterize the statistical-computational tradeoff of our model, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by numerical experiments on large-scale datasets.