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Supplementary Material: " Compressing Neural Networks: Towards Determining the Optimal Layer-wise Decomposition "

Neural Information Processing Systems

The input tensor shape is 6 3 3. The corresponding weight matrix has f = 20 rows (one row per filter) and 24 columns (c ฮบ1 ฮบ2), as for the corresponding feature matrix, it has 24 rows and 4 columns, the 4 here is the number of convolution windows (i.e., number of pixels/entries in each of the output feature maps). After multiplying those matrices, we reshape them to the desired shape to obtain the desired output feature maps. In this section, we provide more details pertaining to our method. A.1 Method Preliminaries Our layer-wise compression technique hinges upon the insight that any linear layer may be cast as a matrix multiplication, which enables us to rely on SVD as compression subroutine. Focusing on convolutions we show how such a layer can be recast as matrix multiplication. Similar approaches have been used by Denton et al. (2014); Idelbayev and Carreira-Perpinรกn (2020); Wen et al. (2017) among others. The equivalence of Y and Y can be easily established via an appropriate reshaping operation since p= p1p2. Equipped with the notion of correspondence between convolution and matrix multiplication our goal is to decompose the layer via its matrix operator W Rf cฮบ1ฮบ2. To this end, we compute the j-rank approximation of W using SVD and factor it into a pair of smaller matrices U Rf j and V Rj cฮบ1ฮบ2.


Compressing Neural Networks: Towards Determining the Optimal Layer-wise Decomposition

Neural Information Processing Systems

We present a novel global compression framework for deep neural networks that automatically analyzes each layer to identify the optimal per-layer compression ratio, while simultaneously achieving the desired overall compression.



Even your Teacher Needs Guidance: Ground-Truth Targets Dampen Regularization Imposed by Self-Distillation

Neural Information Processing Systems

Knowledge distillation is classically a procedure where a neural network is trained on the output of another network along with the original targets in order to transfer knowledge between the architectures. The special case of self-distillation, where the network architectures are identical, has been observed to improve generalization accuracy. In this paper, we consider an iterative variant of self-distillation in a kernel regression setting, in which successive steps incorporate both model outputs and the ground-truth targets. This allows us to provide the first theoretical results on the importance of using the weighted ground-truth targets in self-distillation. Our focus is on fitting nonlinear functions to training data with a weighted mean square error objective function suitable for distillation, subject to `2 regularization of the model parameters. We show that any such function obtained with selfdistillation can be calculated directly as a function of the initial fit, and that infinite distillation steps yields the same optimization problem as the original with amplified regularization. Furthermore, we provide a closed form solution for the optimal choice of weighting parameter at each step, and show how to efficiently estimate this weighting parameter for deep learning and significantly reduce the computational requirements compared to a grid search.



Efficient Equivariant Network

Neural Information Processing Systems

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have dominated the field of Computer Vision and achieved great success due to their built-in translation equivariance. Group equivariant CNNs (G-CNNs) that incorporate more equivariance can significantly improve the performance of conventional CNNs. However, G-CNNs are faced with two major challenges: spatial-agnostic problem and expensive computational cost. In this work, we propose a general framework of previous equivariant models, which includes G-CNNs and equivariant self-attention layers as special cases.



Uncertainty Estimation for Multi-view Data: The Power of Seeing the Whole Picture

Neural Information Processing Systems

Uncertainty estimation is essential to make neural networks trustworthy in realworld applications. Extensive research efforts have been made to quantify and reduce predictive uncertainty. However, most existing works are designed for unimodal data, whereas multi-view uncertainty estimation has not been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, we propose a new multi-view classification framework for better uncertainty estimation and out-of-domain sample detection, where we associate each view with an uncertainty-aware classifier and combine the predictions of all the views in a principled way.


Adversarial Robustness is at Odds with Lazy Training

Neural Information Processing Systems

Recent works show that adversarial examples exist for random neural networks [Daniely and Shacham, 2020] and that these examples can be found using a single step of gradient ascent [Bubeck et al., 2021]. In this work, we extend this line of work to "lazy training" of neural networks - a dominant model in deep learning theory in which neural networks are provably efficiently learnable. We show that over-parametrized neural networks that are guaranteed to generalize well and enjoy strong computational guarantees remain vulnerable to attacks generated using a single step of gradient ascent.