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 Deep Learning





Attention-based Neural Cellular Automata

Neural Information Processing Systems

Recent extensions of Cellular Automata (CA) have incorporated key ideas from modern deep learning, dramatically extending their capabilities and catalyzing a new family of Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) techniques.


INRAS: Implicit Neural Representation for Audio Scenes Kun Su Mingfei Chen Eli Shlizerman

Neural Information Processing Systems

The spatial acoustic information of a scene, i.e., how sounds emitted from a particular location in the scene are perceived in another location, is key for immersive



Handcrafted Backdoors in Deep Neural Networks

Neural Information Processing Systems

When machine learning training is outsourced to third parties, backdoor attacks become practical as the third party who trains the model may act maliciously to inject hidden behaviors into the otherwise accurate model. Until now, the mechanism to inject backdoors has been limited to poisoning . We argue that a supply-chain attacker has more attack techniques available by introducing a handcrafted attack that directly manipulates a model's weights. This direct modification gives our attacker more degrees of freedom compared to poisoning, and we show it can be used to evade many backdoor detection or removal defenses effectively. Across four datasets and four network architectures our backdoor attacks maintain an attack success rate above 96%. Our results suggest that further research is needed for understanding the complete space of supply-chain backdoor attacks.


Transform Once Efficient Operator Learning in Frequency Domain Michael Poli

Neural Information Processing Systems

Spectral analysis provides one of the most effective paradigms for information-preserving dimensionality reduction, as simple descriptions of naturally occurring signals are often obtained via few terms of periodic basis functions. In this work, we study deep neural networks designed to harness the structure in frequency domain for efficient learning of long-range correlations in space or time: frequency-domain models (FDMs). Existing FDMs are based on complex-valued transforms i.e. F ourier Transforms (FT), and layers that perform computation on the spectrum and input data separately. This design introduces considerable computational overhead: for each layer, a forward and inverse FT.


FairVFL: A Fair Vertical Federated Learning Framework with Contrastive Adversarial Learning

Neural Information Processing Systems

Since in real-world applications the data may contain bias on fairness-sensitive features (e.g., gender), VFL models may inherit bias from training data and become unfair for some user groups.