Sometimes, the process itself is ambiguous, such as in the case of RNA folding, where the same nucleotide sequence can fold into different structures.

TREC removes over 96% computations and achieves 3.51

Based on the form of causal knowledge, we divide the related works into two categories, i.e.,

Training foundation models, such as GPT -3 and PaLM, can be extremely expensive, often involving tens of thousands of GPUs running continuously for months.

We found that the ability of a network to learn symmetries generalizes over a range of architectures.

"one-shot" formulation of the Knowledge Gradient, enabled by a combination of